Table 3.
Associations between lifestyle factors and HRQOL
| Study | HRQOL measure | HRQOL scale/subscale(s) | d PA a | d Diet b | d Smoking c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blanchard et al. [9] | RAND-36 Health Status Inventory | General health score | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Karvinen KH et al. [11] | FACT-Bl | FACT-Bl | 0.4 | – | – |
| FACT-G | 0.3 | – | – | ||
| TOI | 0.4 | – | – | ||
| PWB | 0.2 | – | – | ||
| FWB | 0.3 | – | – | ||
| EWB | 0.1 | – | – | ||
| SWB | 0.2 | – | – | ||
| Additional concerns | 0.3 | – | – | ||
| Kowalkowski MA et al. [13] | EORTC BLS-24 and multiple psychosocial items. |
Psychological distress (Brief Symptom Index) | – | – | 0.5 |
| Traumatic stress (Impact of Events Scale) | – | – | 0.5 | ||
| Fear of recurrence (CaPSURE) | – | – | 0.6 | ||
| Social constraint (Lepore) | – | – | 0.7 | ||
| Social support (REACH) | – | – | 0.2 | ||
| Illness intrusiveness | – | – | 0.4 | ||
| Urinary symptoms (EORTC BLS-24) | – | – | 0.3 | ||
| Impact of repeated treatments (EORTC BLS-24) | – | – | 0.7 | ||
| Future perspective (EORTC BLS-24) | – | – | 0.3 |
FACT-BI Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bladder Cancer, FACT-G Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General, TOI Trial Outcome Index, PWB Physical Well Being, FWB Functional Well Being, EWB Emotional Well Being, SWB Social Well Being
a
Cohen’s d for physical activity
b
Cohen’s d for diet
c
Cohen’s d for smoking; d values are interpreted as small (d = 0–0.35), medium (d = 0.35–0.65), or large (d>0.65)