Table 1.
Region-specific absolute and relative volumes for artificially reared (AR) and sow-reared (SR) piglets.a
| Absolute (mm3) |
P-value |
Relative (%TBV)b |
P-value |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brain region | AR | SR | Treatment | Sex | AR | SR | Treatment | Sex |
| Whole brain | 58730 ± 3046 | 73199 ± 3458 | <0.001 | 0.163 | – | – | – | – |
| Gray matter | 29677 ± 786 | 34585 ± 939 | <0.001 | 0.202 | 50.87 ± 1.412 | 48.25 ± 1.831 | 0.128 | 0.021 |
| White matter | 11155 ± 517 | 13999 ± 586 | <0.001 | 0.108 | 19.07 ± 0.518 | 19.43 ± 0.719 | 0.619 | 0.008 |
| Cerebral aqueduct | 117 ± 2.0 | 118 ± 3.3 | 0.643 | 0.351 | 0.20 ± 0.009 | 0.17 ± 0.011 | <0.001 | 0.622 |
| Cerebellum | 4581 ± 138 | 5372 ± 154 | <0.001 | 0.821 | 7.85 ± 0.185 | 7.47 ± 0.248 | 0.120 | 0.081 |
| Corpus callosum | 1032 ± 29.5 | 1167 ± 34.5 | <0.001 | 0.198 | 1.77 ± 0.054 | 1.62 ± 0.066 | 0.010 | 0.016 |
| Caudate | 522 ± 15.3 | 552 ± 17.7 | 0.025 | 0.187 | 0.90 ± 0.034 | 0.77 ± 0.039 | <0.001 | 0.031 |
| Fourth ventricle | 138 ± 2.69 | 151 ± 3.66 | <0.001 | 0.611 | 0.24 ± 0.010 | 0.21 ± 0.012 | 0.01 | 0.397 |
| Hypothalamus | 529 ± 14.1 | 602 ± 16.0 | <0.001 | 0.377 | 0.91 ± 0.033 | 0.84 ± 0.038 | 0.015 | 0.04 |
| Internal capsule | 4734 ± 168 | 5641 ± 189 | <0.001 | 0.131 | 8.12 ± 0.235 | 7.85 ± 0.305 | 0.342 | 0.018 |
| Left cortex | 16364 ± 385 | 18504 ± 437 | <0.001 | 0.216 | 28.07 ± 0.769 | 25.80 ± 0.942 | 0.007 | 0.019 |
| Left hippocampus | 574 ± 12.9 | 627 ± 15.4 | <0.001 | 0.906 | 0.99 ± 0.032 | 0.87 ± 0.039 | 0.001 | 0.185 |
| Lateral ventricle | 1117 ± 21.5 | 1110 ± 33.1 | 0.854 | 0.868 | 1.93 ± 0.098 | 1.55 ± 0.112 | <0.001 | 0.42 |
| Midbrain | 2975 ± 71.5 | 3318 ± 80.6 | <0.001 | 0.532 | 5.11 ± 0.151 | 4.62 ± 0.181 | 0.002 | 0.055 |
| Medulla | 2377 ± 62.5 | 2744 ± 70.4 | <0.001 | 0.399 | 4.08 ± 0.108 | 3.83 ± 0.141 | 0.064 | 0.054 |
| Olfactory bulb | 2948 ± 59.1 | 3332 ± 71.7 | <0.001 | 0.261 | 5.06 ± 0.131 | 4.65 ± 0.167 | 0.010 | 0.024 |
| Pons | 849 ± 16.7 | 918 ± 18.4 | <0.001 | 0.454 | 1.46 ± 0.047 | 1.29 ± 0.057 | 0.001 | 0.093 |
| Putamen | 1130 ± 31.0 | 1301 ± 36.2 | <0.001 | 0.086 | 1.94 ± 0.062 | 1.81 ± 0.077 | 0.061 | 0.016 |
| Right cortex | 15479 ± 346 | 17588 ± 394 | <0.001 | 0.204 | 26.56 ± 0.747 | 24.53 ± 0.911 | 0.011 | 0.021 |
| Right hippocampus | 631 ± 16.2 | 700 ± 19.3 | <0.001 | 0.819 | 1.08 ± 0.036 | 0.97 ± 0.042 | 0.002 | 0.098 |
| Thalamus | 2960 ± 65.1 | 3340 ± 76.4 | <0.001 | 0.176 | 5.09 ± 0.162 | 4.66 ± 0.198 | 0.013 | 0.035 |
| Third ventricle | 207 ± 4.21 | 216 ± 5.56 | 0.104 | 0.829 | 0.36 ± 0.014 | 0.30 ± 0.016 | <0.001 | 0.197 |
aValues are presented as treatment mean ± SEM. Experimental treatments include artificially reared (AR; male n = 15; female n = 14) and sow-reared (SR; male n = 5; female n = 5) piglets.
bPercent total brain volume (%TBV) was calculated as following: (brain region absolute volume/whole brain absolute volume) × 100.