Table 4.
Comparisons of HOMA-IR and HOMA-B levels according to serum 25(OH)D in non-diabetic subjects
| (n = 5,492) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum 25(OH)D |
p value | |||
| <25.0 nmol/L | ≥25.0, <50.0 nmol/L | ≥50.0 nmol/L | ||
| HOMA-IR | ||||
| Model 1 | 2.37 ± 1.15 (2.26–2.47) | 2.42 ± 1.33 (2.37–2.47) | 2.35 ± 1.29 (2.36–2.43) | 0.211 |
| Model 2 | 2.44 ± 0.06 (2.28–2.52) | 2.44 ± 0.02 (2.39–2.48) | 2.32 ± 0.03 (2.25–2.38) | 0.010 |
| Model 3 | 2.47 ± 0.06 (2.36–2.59) | 2.41 ± 0.02 (2.37–2.46) | 2.33 ± 0.03 (2.76–2.39) | 0.035 |
| Model 4 | 2.41 ± 0.05 (2.31–2.50) | 2.37 ± 0.05 (2.31–2.50) | 2.34 ± 0.03 (2.31–2.50) | 0.335 |
| HOMA-B | ||||
| Model 1 | 145.93 ± 103.50 (136.43–155.44) | 136.94 ± 68.51 (134.59–139.31) | 122.88 ± 61.61 (120.03–125.73) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 141.50 ± 3.24 (135.16–147.84) | 134.95 ± 1.22 (132.57–137.34) | 127.60 ± 1.66 (124.35–130.85) | <0.001 |
| Model 3 | 138.63 ± 3.04 (132.67–144.60) | 134.34 ± 1.14 (132.11–136.58) | 128.66 ± 1.56 (125.61–131.71) | 0.002 |
| Model 4 | 138.09 ± 3.04 (132.14–144.05) | 134.24 ± 1.14 (132.02–136.46) | 128.99 ± 1.55 (125.95–132.03) | 0.006 |
Model 1 [mean ± SD (95% CI)], Non-adjusted; Model 2 [mean ± SE (95% CI)], adjusted for age and gender; Model 3 [mean ± SE (95% CI)], adjusted for age, gender, smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, SBP, DBP, WC, and BMI; Model 4 [mean ± SE (95% CI)], adjusted for age, gender, smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, SBP, DBP, WC, BMI, TC, TGs, and HDL-C.