Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients by frailty status
| Characteristics | Not Frail (n=130) | Intermediate Frailty (n=298) | Frail (n=117) | p-value | Adj. p-value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD (years) | 72.6 ± 5.8 | 74.6 ± 6.0 | 77.4 ± 6.8 | <.001 | |
| Men | 106 (82%) | 205 (69%) | 65 (56%) | <.001 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 4.2 | 30.1 ± 5.4 | 30.7 ± 6.6 | 0.014 | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 91 (72%) | 244 (82%) | 103 (88%) | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Current smoker | 4 (3%) | 18 (6%) | 7 (6%) | 0.30 | 0.047 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 20 (16%) | 93 (31%) | 47 (40%) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 5 (4%) | 39 (13%) | 28 (25%) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Peripheral Arterial Disease | 7 (6%) | 29 (10%) | 25 (22%) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 14 (11%) | 47 (16%) | 32 (28%) | <.001 | 0.013 |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 9 (7%) | 41 (14%) | 30 (26%) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack | 11 (9%) | 41 (14%) | 23 (20%) | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Vascular surgery | 11 (9%) | 42 (14%) | 25 (22%) | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Myocardial infarction | 29 (23%) | 94 (32%) | 41 (38%) | 0.013 | 0.043 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 38 (29%) | 117 (39%) | 41 (35%) | 0.31 | 0.28 |
| Coronary artery bypass grafting | 21 (16%) | 79 (27%) | 39 (33%) | 0.002 | 0.012 |
| Chronic lung disease or obstructive pulmonary disease | 9 (7%) | 35 (12%) | 31 (26%) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Rheumatologic disease | 45 (35%) | 135 (46%) | 68 (58%) | <.001 | 0.005 |
| Any neoplasm | 32 (25%) | 64 (22%) | 25 (22%) | 0.53 | 0.44 |
| Metastatic solid neoplasm | 13 (10%) | 39 (13%) | 14 (12%) | 0.68 | 0.89 |
| Lymphoma | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | 2 (2%) | 0.12 | 0.22 |
| Unexpected fall within 6 months | 5 (4%) | 46 (15%) | 27 (23%) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Fracture | 42 (33%) | 105 (36%) | 36 (31%) | 0.76 | 0.84 |
| Sleep apnea | 16 (13%) | 50 (17%) | 27 (24%) | 0.022 | 0.002 |
| Charlson Index, median (Q1, Q3) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) | 3.0 (2.0, 5.0) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Coronary artery disease-specific Index, median (Q1, Q3) | 1.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 3.0 (1.0, 4.0) | 3.0 (2.0, 6.0) | <.001 | <.001 |
†
p-values adjusted for age and sex