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M-mode tracing of the tricuspid annulus in a pulmonary arterial hypertension patient (A) and a subject with a normal echocardiogram (B). TAPSERA accounts for the proportion of TAPSE (tricuspid annular plane excursion) owed to right atrial (RA) function alone; TAPSERV accounts for right ventricular (RV) shortening without the influence of RA contraction. Note the significantly larger contribution of TAPSERA to the total TAPSE in the PAH patient (A), compared to the normal subject (B).
