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. 2015 Oct 15;45(11):1690–1702. doi: 10.1111/cea.12605

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Pam3 CSK 4 can be used as an oral adjuvant to selectively enhance antigen‐specific IgA. (a) BALB/c mice were treated by gavage 3 times (days 0, 7, 14) with PBS, 1 mg OVA, or 1 mg OVA + 10 μg Pam3 CSK 4. Other mice were immunized by i.p. injection of 10 μg OVA‐alum on day 0 and then boosted by i.p. injection of 1 μg OVA on day 14. Blood and faecal samples were harvested from all mice on day 21. OVA‐specific IgE (b), IgG1 (c), IgG2a (d), and IgA (e) were measured in plasma by ELISA and compared by anova with Bonferroni's multiple comparison test (IgE, IgA) or by Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparison test (IgG1, IgG2a). OVA‐specific IgE levels were expressed as mean ± SEM ng/mL, while IgG1 and IgG2a levels were analysed by titre analysis and expressed as median –Log titre with interquartile range. (f) OVA‐specific IgA was measured in faecal samples by ELISA and expressed as mean ± SEM standard‐adjusted A490 and then groups were compared by anova with Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. (g) Total non‐specific IgA was measured in plasma and faecal samples from mice treated orally 3 times with 1 mg OVA or 1 mg OVA + 10 μg Pam3 CSK 4. Plasma levels were expressed as mean ± SEM μg/mL and faecal levels were expressed as mean ± SEM μg/100 mg faeces. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, n.s., not significant.