Table 2.
Association of high expression of PHGDH with clinicopathological characteristics in patients with gastric cancer
| Characteristic | n | PHGDH−, n (%) | PHGDH+, n (%) | Pearson χ2 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 482 | 262 (54.36) | 220 (45.64) | ||
| Sex | 1.836 | 0.175 | |||
| Male | 356 | 187 (52.53) | 169 (47.47) | ||
| Female | 126 | 75 (59.52) | 51 (40.48) | ||
| Age (years) | 6.768 | 0.009* | |||
| <60 | 170 | 106 (62.35) | 64 (37.65) | ||
| ≥60 | 312 | 156 (50.00) | 156 (50.00) | ||
| Histological type | 11.239 | 0.011* | |||
| Tubular | 390 | 207 (53.08) | 183 (46.92) | ||
| Mixed (tubular and mucinous) | 17 | 12 (70.95) | 5 (29.41) | ||
| Mucinous | 27 | 14 (51.85) | 13 (48.15) | ||
| Signet ring cell | 17 | 15 (88.24) | 2 (11.76) | ||
| Othersa | 31 | 17 (54.84) | 14 (45.16) | ||
| Differentiation | 2.448 | 0.294 | |||
| Well | 13 | 7 (53.85) | 6 (46.15) | ||
| Middle | 134 | 67 (50.50) | 67 (50.50) | ||
| Poor | 305 | 177 (58.03) | 128 (41.97) | ||
| Othersb | 30 | 19 (63.33) | 11 (36.67) | ||
| TNM stage | 15.907 | 0.014* | |||
| 0+ Ia | 37 | 29 (81.48) | 8 (18.52) | ||
| Ib | 57 | 35 (61.40) | 22 (38.60) | ||
| IIa | 102 | 58 (56.86) | 44 (43.14) | ||
| IIb | 67 | 37 (55.22) | 30 (44.78) | ||
| IIIa | 86 | 43 (50.00) | 43 (50.00) | ||
| IIIb | 86 | 41 (47.67) | 45 (52.33) | ||
| IIIc + IV | 47 | 19 (40.43) | 28 (59.57) | ||
| T | 8.138 | 0.043* | |||
| Tis | 10 | 7 (70.00) | 3 (30.00) | ||
| T1 | 41 | 30 (73.17) | 11 (26.83) | ||
| T2 | 100 | 54 (54.00) | 46 (46.00) | ||
| T3 + T4 | 331 | 171 (51.66) | 160 (48.34) | ||
| N | 9.455 | 0.024* | |||
| N0 | 179 | 110 (61.45) | 69 (38.55) | ||
| N1 | 91 | 53 (58.24) | 38 (41.76) | ||
| N2 | 101 | 49 (48.51) | 52 (51.49) | ||
| N3 | 111 | 50 (45.05) | 61 (54.95) | ||
| M | 7.765 | 0.005* | |||
| M0 | 445 | 250 (56.18) | 195 (43.82) | ||
| M1 | 37 | 12 (32.43) | 25 (67.57) | ||
| Preoperative | 13.068 | <0.001* | |||
| CEA (ng/mL) | |||||
| ≤5 | 195 | 129 (66.15) | 66 (33.85) | ||
| >5 | 64 | 26 (40.63) | 38 (59.38) | ||
| Unknown | 223 | 126 (56.50) | 97 (43.50) | ||
| Preoperative | 6.080 | 0.014* | |||
| CA19-9 (U/mL) | |||||
| ≤37 | 207 | 133 (64.25) | 74 (35.75) | ||
| >37 | 45 | 20 (44.44) | 25 (55.56) | ||
| Unknown | 230 | 145 (63.04) | 85 (36.96) |
Notes:
a
Papillary adenocarcinoma, three cases; adenosquamous carcinoma, three cases; squamous cell carcinoma, three cases; undifferentiated carcinoma, one case; neuroendocrine carcinoma, one case; small cell osteosarcoma, seven cases; carcinoid, one case; focal cancer, twelve cases.
b
Tubular and papillary adenocarcinoma.
*
P<0.05. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with SPSS 20.0 statistical software.
Abbreviations: CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen-19-9; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; PHGDH, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase; TNM, tumor node metastasis.