Table 2.
Clinical information of included cases with highly probable or probable causality grading.
| CHM | Sex/age (y) | Usage and dosage | Exposure | ALT (IU/L)/AST (IU/L)/ TBIL (mg/dl)/ALP (IU/L) |
Pattern | RUCAM grade (scores) | Outcome | Reexposure | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sheng-He-Shou-Wu | M/45 | 1 kg soaked in 2.5 kg wine, 25 mL/day | 7 d | 2870/2599/2.26/109 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (13) | Recovery | NA | China |
| Sheng-He-Shou-Wu | M/63 | 1 kg soaked in 22 kg wine, 250 mL/day | 15 d | 601/1515/2.87/181 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (11) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/29 | 100 g consumed as tea, 100 mL/day | 29 d | 1792/899/5.51/138 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (11) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/40 | 1 kg soaked in 10 kg wine, 300 mL/day | 28 d | 878/853/7.47/112 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (10) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/40 | 1 kg soaked in 20 kg alcohol, 50 mL/day | 43 d | 4095/2473/1.7/220 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (10) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/55 | 1 kg soaked in 15 kg alcohol, 300 mL/day | 4 d | 1056/769/10.29/176 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (10) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/61 | NA | 1 d | 818/NA/1.77/109 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (10) | Recovery | Positive | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/61 | NA | 60 d | 885/NA/21.2/224 | Mixed | Highly probable (10) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| Sheng-He-Shou-Wu | M/40 | 1 kg soaked in 10 kg wine, 200 mL/day | 1 d | 3120/1615/16.78/151 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (10) | Recovery | NA | China |
| Move Free | F/78 | a recommended dose of 1 tablet twice a day | 21 d | 1626/1053/7.2/354 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (10)† | Recovery | NA | USA |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/45 | Not available | 7 d | 1196/507/0.88/816 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/31 | 10 g powder consumed directly, 20 g/day | 14 d | 2026/858/2.19/180 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/56 | 1 slice consumed as tea, 100 mL/day | 120 d | 2313/1202/5.81/305 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/37 | 1 tablespoon consumed as decoction, 250 mL/day | 52 d | 922/319/9.06/116 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/46 | 1 tablespoon consumed as decoction, 250 mL/day | 50 d | 1127/297/1.94/203 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/18 | 1 tablespoon consumed as decoction, 100 mL/day | 67 d | 1074/348/0.8/89 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/40 | 3 tablespoons consumed as decoction, 100 mL/day | 23 d | 1987/872/11/182 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/34 | NA | 30 d | 1452/NA/25.3/111 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/58 | NA | 35 d | 1898/NA/13.4/134 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/45 | NA | 30 d | 1400/NA/2.04/125 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/49 | NA | 90 d | 1235/NA/32.9/465 | Mixed | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/46 | NA | 2 d | 1287/NA/19.7/146 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/62 | NA | 90 d | 1174/NA/9.2/175 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/63 | NA | 30 d | 943/NA/4.2/137 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/44 | NA | 7 d | 1077/NA/15/197 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| Herbal extracts containing Hu-Ji-Sheng and Ye-Ge | M/55 | NA | 30 d | 1528/1108/6.3/160 | Hepatocellular | Highly probable (9) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/38 | 2 slices consumed as tea, 500 mL/day | 1 d | 1815/1351/5.3/108 | Hepatocellular | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/48 | 100 g mixed with 150 g bee honey, 8 g/day | 10 d | 1891/798/7.9/159 | Hepatocellular | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/61 | 10–20 g/d | 60 d | 56/61/28.07/601 | Cholestatic | Probable (8)† | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/57 | NA | 30 d | 853/NA/28.1/173 | Mixed | Probable (8) | Death | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/47 | NA | 60 d | 1947/NA/30.4/218 | Hepatocellular | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/59 | NA | 30 d | 1245/NA/1.6/155 | Hepatocellular | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/46 | NA | 30 d | 1804/NA/6.2/81 | Hepatocellular | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/45 | NA | 20 d | 271/NA/2.9/164 | Mixed | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/65 | NA | 10 d | 1107/NA/21.9/197 | Hepatocellular | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/42 | NA | 10 d | 500/NA/1.6/181 | Mixed | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/42 | NA | 60 d | 1706/NA/26.3/147 | Hepatocellular | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/48 | NA | 3 d | 1142/NA/15.9/145 | Hepatocellular | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| Sheng-He-Shou-Wu | M/50 | 1 kg soaked in 5 kg wine, 500 mL/day | 20 d | 1992/1155/6.73/185 | Hepatocellular | Probable (8) | Recovery | NA | China |
| Qi Bao Mei Ran Wan | M/26 | Taken at the recommended dosages | 30 d | 1674/617/3.2/normal | Hepatocellular | Probable (8)† | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/41 | 15 tablets per day | 21 d | 104/85/21.7/947 | Cholestatic | Probable (7)† | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/37 | 1 tablespoon consumed as decoction, 1500 mL/day | 7 d | 1613/835/2.26/177 | Hepatocellular | Probable (7) | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/54 | NA | 4 d | 1752/NA/8.4/286 | Hepatocellular | Probable (7) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/24 | NA | 60 d | 1652/NA/31.9/140 | Hepatocellular | Probable (7) | Liver transplantation | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/42 | NA | 120 d | 1677/NA/15.8/93 | Hepatocellular | Probable (7) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu | M/41 | NA | 30 d | 520/NA/9.9/143 | Mixed | Probable (7) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| Huang-Yao-Zi | F/66 | 30 g decocted in water for oral dose per day | 21 d | 1042/1006/16.44/normal | Hepatocellular | Probable (7)† | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu YanShouPian | M/17 | 15 tablets per day | 45 d | 1501/545/18.63/155 | Hepatocellular | Probable (6)† | Recovery | NA | China |
| He-Shou-Wu | F/54 | NA | 180 d | 1519/NA/11.7/187 | Hepatocellular | Probable (6) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| He-Shou-Wu/1 | M/53 | NA | 180 d | 1227/NA/33.2/370 | Mixed | Probable (6) | Recovery | NA | Korea |
| Herbal tea containing Kelp | F/40 | 3 cups per day | 60 d | 435/219/9.2/435 | Mixed | Probable (6)† | Recovery | NA | USA |
| Kamishoyosan | F/48 | NA | 60 d | 972/900/12.8/420 | Hepatocellular | Probable (6)† | Recovery | NA | Japan |
| Move Free | F/62 | 4 tablets/d for two and a half weeks tapered down to 2 tablets/d for four days | 21 d | 1247/893/6.9/297 | Hepatocellular | Probable (6)† | Recovery | NA | USA |
| Decoction [30] | F/51 | Brewed with water, two times a day | 23 d | 758/1262/9.92/normal | Hepatocellular | Probable (6)† | Recovery | NA | China |
NA = not available, ALT = alanine aminotransferase, AST = aspartate aminotransferase, TB = total bilirubin, and ALP = alkaline phosphatase. †The article did not provide an outcome of RUCAM scale but detailed information based on which a score was given.