Table 1.
Selected surface characteristics of implant materials: the surface free energy (γ) and its polar (γ P) and disperse (γ D) parts, advancing (θ A) and receding (θ R) contact angles, and the surface roughness (R a).
| Surface | γ P (mN/m) | γ D (mN/m) | γ (mN/m) | θ A (degrees) | θ R (degrees) | R a (μm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TCPS | 27.06 ± 1.11 | 43.15 ± 2.53 | 70.21 ± 1.92 | 65 ± 3 | 43 ± 2 | NA |
| Ti-PS | NA∗ | NA∗ | NA∗ | 110 ± 3 | 3 ± 1 | 14.51 ± 2.74 |
| Ti-Etch | 9.44 ± 2.74 | 35.56 ± 2.13 | 43.01 ± 4.62 | 64 ± 6 | 33 ± 4 | 3.54 ± 0.06 |
| ZrO2 | 6.78 ± 1.08 | 34.56 ± 1.53 | 41.34 ± 1.91 | 70 ± 4 | 15 ± 3 | 0.85 ± 0.02 |
| Ti-HA | 4.62 ± 0.07 | 2.61 ± 0.01 | 7.23 ± 3.05 | 96 ± 8 | 10 ± 3 | 7.73 ± 0.49 |
∗NA: not analyzed; for comment, see Section 3.1.