Table 2.

Potential mechanisms of nephroprotection by SGLT2 inhibitors

Mechanism	Effects of SGLT2 inhibitor
Metabolic
	HbA1c ↓
	Weight ↓
	Serum uric acid ↓
	Blood pressure ↓
Renal
Glomerular	Inhibition of tubuloglomerular feedback
	Glomerular hyperfiltration ↓
	Albuminuria ↓
Tubular	Tubular apoptosis ↓
	Proximal tubule Na+ reabsorption ↓
General	Intracellular oxidative stress ↓

HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, Na sodium, SGLT2 sodium-glucose cotransporter-2