Table 1. Experimental overview for the maze learning tasks.

Task	Subject Type	Subject Number	Session Number	Maze	Rules
T1	V1 Ratbot	6	16	no landmark	Incremental reward
T1 Control	Rat	6	16	no landmark	None
T2	V2 Ratbot	6	18	landmark	Landmark following
T2 Control	Rat	6	16	landmark	None
T2 with mask	V2 Ratbot with mask	6	18	landmark	Landmark following
T3	V2 Ratbot	5	15	landmark	Incremental reward and landmark following