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. 2016 Sep 13;13(1):244. doi: 10.1186/s12974-016-0709-1

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Microglial HO-1 has a role in deferoxamine protection from red blood cell (RBC)-induced neuronal damage—Trans-wells with WT or HO-1^−/− primary microglia were plated with hippocampal neurons (HT-22) and treated with vehicle, red blood cells (RBCs), or RBCs with DFX. a Representative TUNEL (red) stained images of neurons from each WT primary microglia trans-well with DAPI (blue) nuclei counterstain (all scale bars = 20 μm). b Quantification of TUNEL-positive neurons and TNF-α concentration from each WT primary microglia trans-well; RBC exposure significantly increased neuronal damage while DFX significantly reduced this RBC-induced damage (one-way ANOVA P < 0.05; *P < 0.05; n = 3 per group). Trend towards increased TNF-α production in the trans-well assays incubated with RBCs (one-way ANOVA P < 0.05; n = 3; b); trend towards decreased TNF-α production in the trans-well assays treated with DFX after RBC exposure (n = 3; b). c TUNEL stained images of neurons from each HO-1^−/− primary microglia trans-well with DAPI nuclei counterstain. d Quantification of TUNEL-positive neurons and TNF-α concentration from each HO-1^−/− primary microglia trans-well; RBC exposure significantly increased neuronal damage as well as TNF-α production, and DFX did not reduce this RBC-induced damage or TNF-α concentration (one-way ANOVA P < 0.05; *P < 0.05; n = 3 per group). e Western blot of primary microglial lysates from each group. f Quantification of bands from Western blot of primary microglial lysate; showed that HO-1 protein expression significantly increased in WT primary microglia culture exposed to RBCs with DFX (one-way ANOVA P < 0.05; *P < 0.05; n = 3 per group)