Table 4.
Risk factors for moderate or high developmental risk in the 12-month group
| Total | High | High/moderate | Low/no | unadjusted OR (high/moderate vs low/no) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk factor N (n)% Whole sample |
649 (100%) | 34 (5.2%; 95% CI 3.8 to 7.3) | 174 (26.8%; 95% CI 23.6 to 30.4) | 475 (73.2%; 95% CI 69.6 to 76.5) | ||
| Child level | ||||||
| Male gender | 281 | 16 (5.7) | 80 (28.5) | 201 (71.5) | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.8) | 0.2 |
| Low birthweight (<2500g) | 45 | 7 (15.5) | 20 (44.4) | 25 (55.6) | 2.4 (1.3 to 4.6) | 0.004 |
| Preterm (<37 weeks) | 57 | 7 (12.3) | 19 (33.3) | 38 (66.7) | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.6) | 0.2 |
| SCN/NICU | 94 | 8 (8.5) | 34 (36.2) | 60 (63.8) | 1.8 (1.1 to 2.8) | 0.01 |
| Parent level | ||||||
| Mother did not complete high school | 90 | 7 (7.8) | 31 (34.4) | 59 (65.6) | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.5) | 0.08 |
| Father unemployed at birth | 39 | 4 (10.0) | 15 (38.5) | 24 (61.5) | 1.8 (0.9 to 3.5) | 0.09 |
| Mother nationality | ||||||
| Australia, UK, North America, New Zealand | 300 | 14 (4.7) | 70 (23.3) | 230 (76.7) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| Middle Eastern | 92 | 6 (6.5) | 35 (38.0) | 57 (62.0) | 2.0 (1.2 to 3.3) | 0.006 |
| Asian (includes India, Bangladesh) | 157 | 10 (6.4) | 44 (28.0) | 113 (72.0) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.0) | 0.3 |
| Other | 61 | 1 (1.6) | 10 (16.4) | 51 (83.6) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.3) | 0.2 |
| Family level | ||||||
| English not primary language | 209 | 13 (6.2) | 60 (28.7) | 149 (71.3) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.7) | 0.4 |
| Household annual income at birth <$A25 001 | 75 | 5 (6.7) | 21 (28.4) | 54 (71.6) | 1.2 (0.7 to 2.0) | 0.6 |
| Neighbourhood level | ||||||
| SEIFA lowest decile | 221 | 15 (6.8) | 67 (30.3) | 154 (69.7) | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.0) | 0.09 |
| Composite measures | ||||||
| Perinatal risk | 123 | 10 (8.1) | 41 (33.3) | 82 (66.7) | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.4) | 0.04 |
| Maternal Middle Eastern or Asian nationality | 249 | 16 (6.4) | 79 (31.7) | 170 (68.3) | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.4) | 0.008 |
| Household disadvantage | 157 | 10 (6.4) | 48 (30.6) | 109 (69.4) | 1.3 (0.9 to 2.0) | 0.2 |
NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; SCN, special care nursery; SEIFA, Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas.