Table 1.
LAG‐3 and cancer
| Year | Disease | Finding | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | Cancer | sLAG‐3 could be a vaccine since it could active antigen presenting cells (APC). | 41 |
| 2001 | Cancer | sLAG‐3 could improve interactions between in situ T cells and DC, and potentiate Th1‐type response to target tumors, and, thus, could be a cancer vaccine. | 40 |
| 2003 | Breast cancer | Therapy involving LAG‐3 relative could block the progression of mammary carcinogenesis in an animal model. | 42 |
| 2005 | Cancer | LAG‐3 related anti‐cancer therapy was effective and shared a similar mechanism with IL‐12 | 27 |
| 2006 | Cancer (melanoma or colorectal cancer) | Human LAG‐3 Ig induced specific CD8+ T‐cell activity. The activation of this protein is a potential adjuvant treatment for cancer vaccines | 56 |
| 2006 | Cancer | sLAG‐3, used as a cancer vaccine, bound MHC class II+ APC, induced DC maturation and was well tolerated | 57 |
| 2006 | Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) | LAG‐3 played important roles in the suppression of EBV immunity in HL | 58 |
| 2010 | Ovarian cancer | Inhibiting both LAG‐3 and PD‐1 pathways could efficiently improve T‐cell function | 59 |
| 2010 | Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) | High LAG‐3 expression indicated poor treatment outcomes in CLL | 60 |
| 2010 | Cancer | LAG‐3 defined Tregs were more numerous in tumor sites | 61 |
| 2010 | Multiple myeloma | LAG‐3 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) increased susceptibility to multiple myeloma | 62 |
| 2011 | Melanoma | LAG‐3/MHC class II interaction in MHC class II‐positive melanoma tumors might serve as a bidirectional immune escape pathway shared by tumor cells and immune cells and renews the interest in MHC class II phenotyping for more efficient therapeutic strategies | 63 |
| 2012 | Cancer | LAG‐3/Pdcd1 mice lived markedly longer than wild type and could eliminate multiple transplantable tumors | 20 |
| 2012 | Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) | Increased LAG‐3 expression was observed in TIL in HCC | 64 |
| 2014 | Melanoma | LAG‐3 activated pDC were found in tumor areas, which could suppress the immune environment | 65 |
| 2015 | Gastric cancer | In gastric cancer, expression of PD‐1 and LAG‐3 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was elevated and might impair cell‐mediated immunity after surgery | 66 |
DC, dendritic cells; LAG‐3, lymphocyte‐activation gene‐3; sLAG‐3, soluble LAG‐3; TIL, tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes.