Table 3.
Prevalence of general clinical features and criteria-defined clinical features among participants with primary ciliary dyskinesia versus other/undefined groups and multiple logistic regression model for criteria-defined clinical features
| Features | Group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General clinical features | PCD (n = 205) | Other/Undefined (n = 187) | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)* | P Value |
| Neonatal respiratory distress | 166 (81%) | 59 (32%) | 7.8 (4.6–13.4) | <0.0001 |
| Chronic cough | 198 (97%) | 155 (83%) | 2.4 (0.8–6.7) | 0.103 |
| Chronic nasal congestion | 198 (97%) | 151 (81%) | 6.2 (2.3–16.9) | 0.0004 |
| Situs inversus totalis | 95 (46%) | 15 (8%) | 12.0 (5.6–25.5) | <0.0001 |
| Recurrent otitis | 180 (88%) | 152 (81%) | 1.5 (0.7–3.2) | 0.246 |
| Criteria-defined clinical features (see definitions in Figure 1) | PCD (n = 204†) | Other/Undefined (n = 185‡) | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)* | P Value |
| Unexplained neonatal respiratory distress (feature 1) | 116 (57%) | 21 (11%) | 6.6 (3.5–12.3) | <0.0001 |
| Early-onset, year-round wet cough (feature 2) | 128 (62%) | 48 (26%) | 3.1 (1.7–5.5) | 0.0001 |
| Early-onset, year-round nasal congestion (feature 3) | 151 (74%) | 74 (40%) | 3.4 (1.9–6.3) | <0.0001 |
| Laterality defect (feature 4) | 109 (53%) | 28 (15%) | 7.7 (4.0–14.9) | <0.0001 |
| Multiple ear infections in first 2 yr of life with sequelae | 89 (43%) | 66 (35%) | 1.0 (0.6–1.8) | 0.981 |
Definition of abbreviation: PCD = primary ciliary dyskinesia.
*
Age was adjusted in the model.
†
One participant with PCD was missing data for the criteria.
‡
Two other/undefined participants were missing data for the criteria.