Table 3.
Frequency of Respiratory‐related Events Reported in Included Reviews
| Reviews | O2 Desaturation | Apnea | Laryngospasm | Aspiration | Assisted Ventilation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ketamine | |||||
| Deasy 20109 |
46/1,202 (3.8%) 6 studies |
2/1,022 (0.2%) 1 study |
4/1,523 (0.3%) 2 studies |
— |
1/418 (0.3%) 3 studies |
| Green 200911 | — |
63/8,353 (0.8%) 32 studies |
22/8,353 (0.3%) 32 studies |
— | — |
| Howes 200415 |
7/835 (0.8%) 3 studies |
3/1,178 (0.3%) 2 studies |
7/1,851 (0.4%) 4 studies |
— |
0/130 2 studies |
| Mace 200417 |
77/646 (11.9%) 4 studies |
— |
15/1,130 (1.3%) 2 studies |
0/3,154 12 studies |
8/353 (2.3%) 2 studies |
| Migita 200612 |
36/184 (19.6%) 2 studies |
— | — | — |
17/184 (9.2%) 2 studies |
| Mistry 200514 |
19/1,347 (1.4%) 3 studies |
4/1,288 (0.3%) 2 studies |
8/1,288 (0.6%) 2 studies |
— | — |
| NICE 201020 |
131/3,600 (3.6%) 9 studies |
— |
91/1,492 (6.1%) 1 study |
— |
6/1,178 (0.5%) 2 studies |
| Midazolam | |||||
| Jameson 20117 |
0/102 1 study |
— | — | — | — |
| Leroy 201019 |
341/63,765 (9.1%) 3 studies |
11/3,765 (0.3%) 3 studies |
1/1,180 (0.08%) 1 study |
— |
3/2,424 (0.1%) 2 studies |
| Mace 200417 |
12/1,180 (1.0%) 1 study |
— |
1/1,180 (0.08%) 1 study |
— | — |
| NICE 201020 |
27/836 (3.2%) 4 studies |
— | — |
0/288 4 studies |
4/807 (0.5%) 4 studies |
| Nitrous Oxide | |||||
| Faddy 200513 |
1/762 (0.1%) 1 study |
— | — | — | — |
| Leroy 201019 | — | — | — |
0/220 1 study |
— |
| Migita 200612 |
1/709 (0.1%) 1 study |
— | — | — |
0/7,511 1 study |
| NICE 201020 |
4/5,799 (0.07%) 1 study |
— | — | — | — |
| Pedersen 201316 | 1 study | — | — | — | — |
| Propofol | |||||
| Lamond 20108 |
92/1,003 (9.2%) 7 studies |
17/1,003 (1.7%) 7 studies |
30/17,066a (0.2%) 60 studies |
0 |
11/1,003 (1.1%) 7 studies |
| Leroy 201019 |
19/393 (4.8%); 154b
2 studies |
3/291 (1.0%); 575b
2 studies |
4b
1 study |
4b
1 study |
3/445 (0.7%) 2 studies |
| Mace 201017 |
54/582 (9.3%) 4 studies |
— | — | — |
5/519 (1.0%) 3 studies |
| Migita 200612 |
5/43 (11.6%) 1 study |
— | — | — | — |
| NICE 201020 |
736/50,228 (1.5%) 2 studies |
— | — |
4/50,228 (0.008%) 2 studies |
3/392 (0.8%) 1 study |
| Symington 200618 |
47/587 (8.0%) 5 studies |
4/587 (0.7%) 5 studies |
— | — | — |
Data are reported as n/N (%) and number of studies reported.
a
Denominator represents all sedations analyzed in the review, not just those that occurred in the ED.
b
Outcomes reported per 10,000 patients.