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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropsychol Rev. 2015 Nov 21;25(4):456–475. doi: 10.1007/s11065-015-9304-y

Table 2.

Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms by Diagnostic Criteria

STAA LTAA NAC Effect Size
(Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney
Odds Ratios)




ALC
(n=36)
ALC+DRG
(n=56)
ALC
(n=47)
ALC+DRG
(n=59)
(n=64) STAA &
LTAA
vs.
NAC
STAA
vs.
LTAA
ALC+D
RG
vs.
ALC
Women
vs.
Men
Men
(n=25)
Women
(n=11)
Men
(n=34)
Women
(n=22)
Men
(n=27)
Women
(n=20)
Men
(n=29)
Women
(n=30)
Men
(n=30)
Women
(n=34)

Lifetime
Symptoms
Frantic
avoidance of
abandonment
.60±.50 .73±.47 .56±.50 .86±.35 .74±.45 .60±.50 .79±.41 .73±.45 .23±.43 .32±.48 2.4*** 0.9 1.1 1.1
Intense,
unstable
interpersonal
relationships
.52±.51 .46±.53 .41±.50 .64±.49 .52±.51 .50±.51 .55±.51 .57±.50 .20±.41 .29±.46 1.7*** 0.9 1.1 1.1
Markedly
unstable
identity or
self-image
.45±.28 .23±.33 .33±.35 .44±.39 .39±.34 .51±.39 .36±.30 .43±.40 .08±.21 .12±.25 3.1*** 0.9 0.9 1
Detrimental
impulsivity in
at least two
areas
.64±.49 .55±.52 .65±.49 .82±.40 .67±.48 .65±.49 .62±.49 .83±.38 .37±.49 .32±.48 2.0*** 1 1.2 1.1
Suicidal or
self-harming
behavior
.28±.41 .32±.41 .12±.22 .59±.45 .19±.34 .33±.41 .16±.24 .53±.39 .10±.28 .10±.27 1.8*** 1 1.2 1.7***
Marked
mood
reactivity &
emotional
instability
.24±.44 .27±.47 .32±.48 .46±.51 .41±.50 .55±.51 .35±.48 .50±.51 .07±.25 .27±.45 1.6*** 0.8 1.1 1.3*
Feelings of
emptiness
.64±.49 .46±.47 .47±.51 .46±.51 .48±.51 .40±.50 .46±.50 .40±.50 .07±.25 .12±.33 2.2*** 1 1.1 1.1
Intense,
inappropriate, or
uncontrollable
anger
.09±.26 .33±.3 .19±.32 .52±.41 .31±.40 .27±.38 .38±.41 .36±.42 .89±.19 .15±.29 1.6*** 0.8 1.4* 1.3*
Transient
paranoia or
dissociative
symptoms
.32±.48 .09±.30 .24±.43 .36±.49 .33±.48 .65±.49 .35±.48 .37±.49 .07±.25 .59±.24 1.8*** 0.7* 0.9 1.1
Current
Symptoms
(past 12
months)
Frantic
avoidance of
abandonment
.20±.41 .27±.47 .17±.38 .64±.49 .22±.42 .40±.50 .35±.48 .40±.50 .03±.18 .03±.17 1.8*** 0.9 1.2 1.3**
Intense,
unstable
interpersonal
relationships
.24±.44 .27±.47 .24±.43 .64±.49 .37±.49 .35±.49 .35±.48 .43±.50 .10±.31 .18±.39 1.6*** 0.9 1.2 1.3*
Markedly
unstable
identity or
self-image
.34±.30 .18±.32 .25±.30 .42±.37 .27±.33 .33±.37 .22±.27 .28±.32 .06±.20 .08±.20 3.1*** 0.9 0.9 1
Detrimental
impulsivity in
at least two
areas
.52±.48 .27±.47 .50±.51 .68±.48 .59±.50 .40±.50 .41±.50 .60±.50 .17±.38 .18±.39 2.0*** 1 1.1 1
Suicidal or
self-harming
behavior
.10±.25 .00±.00 .03±.12 .41±.45 .06±.19 .27±.42 .07±.23 .13±.32 .03±.18 .00±.00 1.3*** 1.2 1.1 1.1
Marked
mood
.20±. .27±.4 .24±. .41±.5 .22±. .45±.5 .28±. .40±.5 .07±.25 .21±.41 1.4* 0.9 1.1 1.3**
reactivity &
emotional
instability
41 7 43 0 42 1 46 0 **
Feelings of
emptiness
.64±.49 .27±.48 .41±.50 .41±.50 .30±.47 .20±.41 .26±.44 .30±.47 .03±.18 .09±.29 1.8*** 1.5** 1 0.8
Intense,
inappropriate,
or
uncontrollable
anger
.04±.15 .21±.31 .09±.24 .38±.40 .17±.30 .07±.23 .23±.32 .17±.29 .08±.19 .10±.24 1.3 1 1.3* 1.2
Transient
paranoia or
dissociative
symptoms
.32±.48 .09±.30 .19±.33 .32±.48 .20±.41 .24±.44 .21±.41 .30±.47 .07±.25 .03±.17 1.5*** 0.9 0.9 1.1

Effect is significant:

*

p ≤0.05,

**

p ≤0.01,

***

p ≤0.001

This data is taken from (Fein and Nip, 2012).