Table 2.
Factors Associated With the Hazard of Infection
| Covariate | Univariate HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Factors associated with the hazard of infection | ||
| Body surface area (per m2) | 3.7 (2.48–5.34) | …a |
| Age (per additional year) | 1.15 (1.11–1.18) | … |
| Residence | ||
| Urban | Reference | … |
| Rural | 3.16 (2.73–3.66) | 3.18 (2.20–4.42) |
| Treatment arm | ||
| DP | Reference | … |
| AL | 1.30 (1.19–1.41) | … |
| Prior infection (per additional no.) | 1.04 (1.04–1.05) | … |
| Variance of the individual random effect | 0.48 (.35—.65) | 0.36 (.26—.50) |
| Factors associated with the probability of clinical malaria, given infection | ||
| Age (per additional year) | ||
| Overall | 0.80 (.77–.84) | |
| Among patients receiving DP | 0.84 (.81–.88) | 0.92 (.85–.99) |
| Among patients receiving AL | 0.76 (.72–.80) | 0.83 (.77–.9) |
| Prior infection (per additional no.) | 0.97 (.97–.98) | 0.99 (.98–1.00) |
| Malaria treatment in past mo | 0.58 (.52–.65) | … |
| DP in past mo | 0.49 (.39–.60) | 0.44 (.35–.55) |
| AL in past mo | 0.61 (.54–.69) | 0.79 (.67–.91) |
Abbreviations: AL, artemether-lumefantrine; CI, confidence interval; DP, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine; HR, hazard ratio.
a Adjusted for a nonlinear function of the body surface area and as such, coefficient is not interpretable.