Table 1.
Specific-gravity corrected phthalate metabolite concentrations (in μg/l) before, during, and after a 3-day dietary intervention. (n=10)
| Phthalate ester (abbreviation) | Metabolite (abbreviation) | Pre-intervention mean (±SD)a | Mid-intervention mean (±SD) a | Post-intervention mean (±SD) a | Repeated measures ANOVA F-statistic (p-value)b | LOD (% detected)c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) | Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) | 2.8 (3.2) | 3.2 (2.0) | 3.6 (2.1) | 0.03 (0.88) | 0.5 (90) |
| Mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP) | 10.0 (1.9) | 13.2 (1.8) | 12.7 (2.0) | 0.35 (0.56) | 0.2 (100) | |
| Mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate (MEHHP) | 12.2 (2.3) | 17.0 (2.1) | 18.4 (2.1) | 0.003 (0.96) | 0.2 (100) | |
| Mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (MECCP) | 24.1 (2.0) | 30.6 (1.6) | 33.9 (2.2) | 0.39 (0.54) | 0.2 (100) | |
| ∑ DEHPd | 171.8 (19.9) | 219.6 (16.8) | 233.3 (20.6) | 0.21 (0.65) | - | |
| Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) | Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) | 19.4 (1.6) | 24.6 (2.1) | 27.5 (1.7) | 0.32 (0.57) | 0.4 (100) |
| Diethyl phthalate (DEP) | Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) | 72.3 (5.2) | 125.9 (10.9) | 108.4 (4.3) | 0.70 (0.41) | 0.6 (100) |
| Di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) | Mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) | 15.9 (1.5) | 24.0 (2.0) | 23.7 (1.5) | 0.05 (0.83) | 0.2 (100) |
| Butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP) | Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) | 10.0 (3.2) | 15.7 (2.2) | 14.2 (2.4) | 0.06 (0.80) | 0.3 (100) |
| Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) | Mono-3-carboxy-propyl phthalate (MCPP)e | 4.4 (3.6) | 4.4 (2.1) | 7.0 (3.2) | 0.54 (0.47) | 0.2 (100) |
| Di-isodecyl phthalate (DIDP) | Mono-carboxy-isononyl phthalate (MCNP) | 3.7 (2.5) | 5.2 (1.5) | 5.2 (2.6) | 0.06 (0.81) | 0.2 (100) |
| Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) | Mono-carboxy-isooctyl phthalate (MCOP) | 27.7 (3.9) | 29.4 (2.2) | 41.3 (4.5) | 0.73 (0.40) | 0.2 (100) |
a
Geometric mean and geometric standard deviation.
b
Repeated measures ANOVA examining whether there were any differences in metabolite concentrations in samples collected across the three study timepoints.
c
LOD= limit of detection; % detected= percentage of samples with metabolite concentrations at or above the LOD.
d
∑DEHP (in nmol/g) represents the sum of the DEHP metabolites (MEHP, MEOHP, MEHHP, MECCP) divided by their molecular weight.
e
MCPP is also a non-specific metabolite of several high molecular weight phthalates as well as a minor metabolite of DBP.