Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics of the population.
| Variables | Total (n = 3797) | Rural (n = 918) | Urban (n = 2879) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 46.0 (38.0–55.0) | 49.0 (40.0–58.0) | 44.7 (37.3–53.2) | < 0.001 |
| 20–29 yrs n (%) | 317 (8.3) | 69 (7.5) | 248 (8.6) | |
| 30–39 yrs n (%) | 867 (22.8) | 152 (16.6) | 715 (24.8) | |
| 40–49 yrs n (%) | 1182 (31.1) | 248 (27.0) | 934 (32.4) | |
| 50–59 yrs n (%) | 847 (22.3) | 253 (27.6) | 594 (20.6) | |
| 60+ yrs n (%) | 584 (15.4) | 196 (21.4) | 388 (13.5) | < 0.001 |
| Gender n (%) | ||||
| Male | 2166 (57.0) | 573 (62.4) | 1593 (55.3) | |
| Female | 1631 (43.0) | 345 (37.6) | 1268 (44.7) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of diabetes n (%) | ||||
| No | 2942 (77.5) | 733 (79.8) | 2209 (76.7) | |
| Yes | 855 (22.5) | 185 (20.2) | 670 (23.3) | 0.049 |
| Marital status n (%) | ||||
| Single | 238 (6.3) | 40 (4.4) | 198 (6.9) | |
| Married | 3487 (91.9) | 852 (92.8) | 2635 (91.6) | |
| Divorced | 31 (0.8) | 12 (1.3) | 19 (0.7) | |
| Widowed | 40 (1.1) | 14 (1.5) | 26 (0.9) | 0.004 |
| Occupation n (%) | ||||
| Formal | 2585 (68.2) | 488 (49.0) | 2137 (74.3) | |
| Informal | 466 (12.3) | 228 (24.9) | 238 (8.3) | |
| Unemployed | 740 (19.5) | 238 (26.0) | 502 (17.4) | < 0.001 |
| Level of education n (%) | ||||
| Illiterate | 78 (2.1) | 51 (5.6) | 27 (0.9) | |
| Basic | 294 (7.8) | 156 (17.1) | 138 (4.8) | |
| Secondary education | 1411 (37.2) | 440 (48.1) | 971 (33.8) | |
| Tertiary | 2007 (53.0) | 267 (29.2) | 1740 (60.5) | < 0.001 |
| Average income (RMB) n (%) | ||||
| <2000 | 733 (19.3) | 321 (35.1) | 412 (14.3) | |
| 2000~4000 | 1398 (63.2) | 519 (56.8) | 1879 (65.3) | |
| 4000~6000 | 562 (14.8) | 60 (6.6) | 502 (17.4) | |
| 6000~8000 | 72 (1.9) | 11 (1.2) | 61 (2.1) | |
| ≥8000 | 27 (0.7) | 3 (0.3) | 24 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking n (%) | ||||
| No | 2598 (68.9) | 631 (68.8) | 1967 (68.9) | |
| Yes | 1174 (31.1) | 286 (31.2) | 888 (31.1) | 0.961 |
| Alcohol intake n (%) | ||||
| No | 2877 (76.8) | 740 (81.6) | 2137 (75.3) | |
| Yes | 868 (23.2) | 167 (18.4) | 701 (24.7) | < 0.001 |
| Physical activity on regular basis | ||||
| No | 2273 (59.9) | 310 (33.8) | 1214 (42.2) | |
| Yes | 1524 (40.1) | 608 (66.2) | 1665 (57.8) | < 0.001 |
| Intensity of performed physical activity | ||||
| High | 114 (7.5) | 21 (6.8) | 93 (7.7) | |
| Moderate | 77 (5.1) | 15 (4.8) | 62 (5.1) | |
| Low | 1330 (84.7) | 274 (88.4) | 1056 (87.2) | 0.840 |
| Eating habits | ||||
| 3 main courses/day | 3143 (82.9) | 771 (84.0) | 2372 (82.5) | |
| Irregular habits | 649 (17.1) | 147 (16.0) | 502 (17.5) | 0.309 |
| Reached recommended amount of fruits and vegetables/day | ||||
| No | 705 (19.1) | 182 (20.0) | 523 (18.8) | |
| Yes | 2992 (80.9) | 728 (80.0) | 2264 (81.2) | 0.411 |
Data is presented as median (IQR) or n(%); Chi-square or Fisher’s test. p < 0.05 was considered significant difference. n: number. Line45: Only participants reporting regular physical activity included in this analysis, ≥ 5 times/week at moderate or high intensity, Line 55: 500 grams of fruits and vegetables/day.