Table 5. Socio-demographic characteristics of the diabetes population in urban and rural areas, median (IQR) or n (%).
| Variables | Total (n = 1507) | Rural (n = 513) | Urban (n = 994) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 53.7 (46.2–61.4) | 54.0 (46.2–62.0) | 53.3 (46.2–61.0) | 0.906 |
| 20–29 yrs n (%) | 25 (1.7) | 16 (3.1) | 9 (0.9) | |
| 30–39 yrs n (%) | 97 (6.4) | 37 (7.2) | 60 (6.0) | |
| 40–49 yrs n (%) | 412 (27.3) | 128 (25.0) | 284 (28.6) | |
| 50–59 yrs n (%) | 524 (34.8) | 173 (33.7) | 351 (35.3) | |
| 60+ yrs n (%) | 449 (29.8) | 159 (31.0) | 290 (29.2) | 0.011 |
| Gender n (%) | ||||
| Male | 924 (61.3) | 304 (59.3) | 620 (62.4) | |
| Female | 583 (38.7) | 209 (40.7) | 374 (37.6) | 0.239 |
| Familly history of diabetes n (%) | ||||
| No | 1037 (68.6) | 392 (76.4) | 645 (64.9) | |
| Yes | 470 (31.2) | 121 (23.6) | 349 (35.1) | < 0.001 |
| Marital status n (%) | ||||
| Single | 56 (3.7) | 17 (3.3) | 39 (3.9) | |
| Married | 1396 (92.6) | 476 (92.8) | 920 (92.6) | |
| Divorced | 18 (1.2) | 7 (1.4) | 11 (1.1) | |
| Widowed | 37 (2.5) | 13 (2.5) | 24 (2.4) | 0.908 |
| Occupation n (%) | ||||
| Formal | 679 (45.2) | 136 (26.7) | 543 (54.7) | |
| Informal | 281 (18.7) | 189 (37.1) | 92 (9.3) | |
| Unemployed | 541 (36.0) | 184 (36.1) | 357 (36.0) | < 0.001 |
| Level of education n (%) | ||||
| Illiterate | 67 (4.5) | 46 (9.0) | 21 (2.1) | |
| Basic | 246 (16.4) | 136 (26.7) | 110 (11.1) | |
| Secondary education | 641 (42.7) | 237 (46.6) | 404 (40.7) | |
| Tertiary | 548 (36.5) | 90 (17.7) | 458 (46.1) | < 0.001 |
| Average income (RMB) n (%) | ||||
| <2000 | 307 (20.4) | 172 (33.8) | 135 (13.6) | |
| 2000~4000 | 951 (56.7) | 290 (57.0) | 561 (56.5) | |
| 4000~6000 | 256 (17.0) | 33 (6.5) | 223 (22.5) | |
| 6000~8000 | 65 (4.3) | 11 (2.2) | 54 (5.4) | |
| ≥8000 | 23 (1.5) | 3 (0.6) | 20 (2.0) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking n (%) | ||||
| No | 1070 (71.1) | 390 (76.0) | 680 (68.6) | |
| Yes | 434 (28.9) | 123 (24.0) | 311 (31.4) | 0.003 |
| Alcohol intake n (%) | ||||
| No | 1183 (78.6) | 437 (85.2) | 746 (75.2) | |
| Yes | 322 (21.4) | 76 (14.8) | 246 (24.8) | < 0.001 |
| Physical activity on regular basis | ||||
| No | 980 (65.0) | 373 (72.7) | 607 (61.1) | |
| Yes | 527 (35.0) | 140 (27.3) | 387 (38.9) | < 0.001 |
| Intensity of performed physical activity | ||||
| High | 31 (5.9) | 12 (8.6) | 19 (4.9) | |
| Moderate | 42 (8.0) | 11 (7.9) | 31 (8.0) | |
| Low | 454 (86.1) | 117 (83.6) | 337 (87.1) | 0.287 |
| Eating habits | ||||
| 3 main courses/day | 1158 (76.8) | 410 (79.9) | 748 (75.3) | |
| Irregular habits | 349 (23.2) | 103 (20.1) | 246 (24.7) | 0.042 |
| Reached recommended amount of fruits and vegetables/day | ||||
| No | 489 (32.5) | 155 (30.3) | 334 (33.7) | |
| Yes | 1014 (67.5) | 357 (69.7) | 657 (66.3) | 0.179 |
Data is presented as median (IQR) or n (%); Chi-square or Fisher’s test. p < 0.05 was considered significant difference. n: number. Physical activity on regular basis: Only participants reporting regular physical activity included in this analysis, ≥ 5 times/week at moderate or high intensity, Reached recommended amount of fruits and vegetables/day: 500 grams of fruits and vegetables/day.