Table 9. Multivariable association of diabetic complication control with selected risk factors (reference: rural population).

Risk factors	OR (95% CI)	p- value	Adj. OR-gender (95% CI)	p- value	Adj. OR-gender and age (95% CI)	p- value
FBS (> 7mmol/l)	1.148(0.883–1.491)	0.303	1.136(0.874–1.477)	0.341	1.139(0.876–1.482)	0.330
HbA1c (> 7%)	0.800(0.622–1.030)	0.083	0.801(0.622–1.031)	0.086	0.798(0.620–1.028)	0.080
Overweight (BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m2)	1.187(0.878–1.605)	0.265	1.165(0.860–1.578)	0.325	1.160(0.855–1.572)	0.340
Obesity (≥ 28 Kg/m2)	1.384(1.034–1.852)	0.029	1.370(1.023–1.834)	0.035	1.369(1.022–1.833)	0.035
WC (men ≥ 90 cm; women ≥ 85 cm)	1.323(0.952–1.838)	0.096	1.316(0.947–1.831)	0.102	1.318(0.948–1.833)	0.101
WHR (men > 0.90; women > 0.85)	1.006(0.683–1.482)	0.976	1.039(0.702–1.537)	0.849	1.037(0.701–1.535)	0.854
Total cholesterol (≥ 5.20 mmol/l)	0.846(0.574–1.249)	0.400	0.853(0.578–1.259)	0.424	0.855(0.579–1.261)	0.429
Triglycerides (≥ 1.71mmol/l)	0.983(0.772–1.252)	0.890	0.984(0.772–1.253)	0.893	0.985(0.773–1.255)	0.903
HDL-c (< 1.04 mmol/l)	0.668(0.518–0.862)	0.002	0.648(0.499–0.840)	0.001	0.648(0.499–0.841)	0.001
LDL-c (≥ 3.38 mmol/l)	1.264(0.858–1.864)	0.236	1.266(0.858–1.867)	0.235	1.259(0.854–1.857)	0.245
Physical inactivity	0.615(0.481–0.788)	<0.001	0.616(0.481–0.788)	<0.001	0.619(0.483–0.793)	<0.001
Irregular eating habits	1.410(1.077–1.846)	0.012	1.400(1.069–1.834)	0.014	1.412(1.077–1.851)	0.013

OR: Odds ratio. Adj: adjusted. Compared using multivariate logistic regression. p < 0.05 was considered significant difference.