PAR binding studies. 32P-labeled PARylated PARP5a or free PAR was incubated with decreasing concentrations of proteins, dot blotted, and imaged. (A) Binding of the macro domain, Hel, and macro-Hel of HEV to PARylated PARP5a and free PAR. (B) Effects of mutations on the binding of macro-Hel to free PAR. (C) Binding of the HEV macro domain, macro-Hel (HEV), and the VEEV macro domain to free PAR. (D) Poly(ADP-ribose) competitively inhibits the binding of Cy3-labeled RNA to macro-Hel. WT, wild type.