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. 2016 Sep 12;90(19):8563–8574. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01030-16

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Copyright © 2016 Di Scala et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

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FIG 4 — IL-15-induced expansion of HBcAg-specific CD8⁺ T cells requires combination with IFN-α to render them functional CTLs. The mononuclear liver infiltrate was isolated and analyzed on day 10 after vector administration. (A and B) The absolute numbers of CD8⁺, CD4⁺, and NK cells per liver (A) and the number of HBcAg-specific CD8⁺ T cells per liver (B) are shown (n = 7). (C) The increase in the number of HBcAg-specific CD8⁺ T cells was analyzed over time (n = 3/time point). (D) Proliferative response of HBcAg-specific CD8⁺ T cells upon peptide stimulation. In vitro stimulation was performed in triplicate with cells obtained from 3 mice per group. (E) Proportion of lysed HBcAg-loaded target cells in vivo (n = 5). Results are representative of 3 independent experiments. All graphs show means ± SEM. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.001; ns, nonsignificant.