Table 1.
Animal models of TNBS induced colitis.
| Study | Mouse/Rat strain | Age of the mice-rat | TNBS dose, mg | Alcohol, % | Times administered | Day of death | Study conclusions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhao et al. [27] | Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats | 6–8 weeks old | 400 ll of 2.5 mg/ml TNBS | 50% | 1 | 7 d | marked decrease in both the mRNA and protein expression |
| Cury et al. [28] | Wistar rats | (240–280 g) | 25 mg TNBS (0.6 ml) | 50% | 1 | 12 d | calprotectin levels correlate with biochemical and histological markers of inflammation |
| Vermeulen et al. [29] | Wistar rats | (180–220 g) | 7.5 mg | 40% | 1 | – | TRPV1 and TRPA1 may be promising targets in pain modulation. |
| Abad et al. [30] | BALB/c mice | 6–8 weeks | 3-mg | 50% | 2 | 3–10 d | VIP has beneficial prophylactic and therapeutic effects in TNBS-induced colitis |
| Petrella et al. [31] | Wistar rats | (200–250 g) | 60 mg/kg | 1 | 4 d | Low doses of N/OFQ significantly decrease the colonic inflammatory profile | |
| Chen et al. [32] | Rats; | 0.6 mL | 50% | 1 | 1–21 d | NF-κB also regulates ICAM-1 expression during colonic inflammation. Pretreatment of PDTC may attenuate the inflammation development. | |
| Fitzpatrick et al. [33] | Wistar rats | Neonatal rats-3w. | 8 to 32 mg | 40% | 1, 3, or 4 | 23, 35, 48, and 59 d | This chronic TNBS model may be useful for studying the development of inflammation and fibrosis in preadult animals |
| Rivera et al. [34] | Sprague-Dawley rats | (220–265 g) | 30 mg | 50% | 1 | 3 d | 9 of 10 critical genes identified by DNA microarray. |
| Pohlmann et al. [35] | Wistar rats | (297 5 g; mean) | 17.5 mg | 30% | 1 | 10 d | this technique could provide useful information for the evaluation of potential new treatments for IBD |
| Charpentier et al. [36] | Sprague–Dawley rats | (200–250 g) | 25 mg | 50% | 1 | 2 d | Minimal bowel wall thickness and wall signal intensity on T2w images were associated with histological score |
| Foligne et al. | BALB/C mice | 7–8 weeks | 50 to 150 mg/kg | 50% | 1 | 2 d | The use of the model as described above allows the construction of long-term databases which can serve as a reference for future strain comparisons |
| Natah et al. [37] | Sprague–Dawley rats | (250–300 g) | 30 mg | 50% | 1 | 1, 2, 3, 7 and 21 d | colitis transiently increased permeability to sodium fluorescein and led to a mild disruption of BBB |
| Motavallian et al. | Wistar rats | (200 ± 20 g) | 10 mg | 50% | 1 | 6 d | administration of cisapride, a 5HT4 receptor agonist, does not aggravate the severity of colonic injuries in TNBS-induced colitis in rat |
| El-Salhy et al. [38] | Wistar rats | (166–246 g) | 25 mg | 50% | 1 | 3 d | colonoscopy provides a reliable method for following up |
| Lohman et al. [39] | Wistar rats | 8–9 weeks | 80 mg/kg | 50% | 1 | 8 d | The current results connect PAR2 activation to -tryptase release and mast cells in the pathogenesis of TNBS colitis |
| Yue et al. [40] | Sprague-Dawley rats | (300–350 g) | 25 mg/ml | 50% | 1 | 1 d | local elevated level of peroxynitrite is a major contributor to colon epithelial apoptosis |
| Pilichos et al. [41] | Wistar rats | 300-450 g | 60 mg/ml | 30% | 1 | 10 d | NOS inhibitors might prove to be promising therapeutic agents for IBD |
| Brenna et al. [42] | Sprague-Dawley rats | 8 weeks | 30 mg/ml | 50% | 1 | 12 d | Endoscopy with biopsies in TNBS-colitis is useful to follow temporal changes of inflammation |