Table 1.
Patient characteristics in the control (warfarin) and three non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant groups
| Characteristic | Warfarin | Dabigatran | Rivaroxaban | Apixaban | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 90 | N = 90 | N = 90 | N = 90 | ||
| Age (years) | 66 ± 9 | 63 ± 9 | 62 ± 10 | 65 ± 10 | 0.17 |
| Sex, female, N (%) | 24 (27 %) | 24 (27 %) | 15 (17 %) | 23 (26 %) | 0.32 |
| Type of AF | |||||
| Paroxysmal, N (%) | 52 (58 %) | 54 (60 %) | 56 (62 %) | 62 (69 %) | 0.36 |
| Persistent, N (%) | 27 (30 %) | 22 (24 %) | 28 (31 %) | 21 (23 %) | |
| Long-standing persistent, N (%) | 11 (12 %) | 14 (16 %) | 6 (7 %) | 7 (8 %) | |
| Duration of AF (years) | 4 ± 3 | 6 ± 8 | 4 ± 3 | 4 ± 3 | 0.12 |
| Echocardiography parameters | |||||
| LVEF (%) | 65 ± 7 | 65 ± 9 | 66 ± 7 | 65 ± 8 | 0.41 |
| LA diameter (mm) | 41 ± 5 | 41 ± 7 | 41 ± 5 | 42 ± 5 | 0.15 |
| CHADS2 score | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 0.69 |
| 0 | 45 (50 %) | 52 (58 %) | 51 (57 %) | 55 (61 %) | 0.69 |
| 1 | 35 (39 %) | 28 (31 %) | 27 (30 %) | 23 (26 %) | |
| ≥2 | 10 (11 %) | 10 (11 %) | 12 (13 %) | 12 (13 %) | |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 1.4 ± 1.3 | 1.5 ± 1.2 | 1.6 ± 1.0 | 0.30 |
| Cr (mg/dL) | 0.88 ± 0.42 | 0.81 ± 0.19 | 0.85 ± 0.20 | 0.87 ± 0.21 | 0.18 |
| CCr (mL/min) | 90 ± 31 | 88 ± 21 | 90 ± 33 | 80 ± 23 | 0.12 |
| PT-INR | 2.3 ± 0.3 | ||||
| Dabigatran (mg) | 267 ± 41 | ||||
| Rivaroxaban (mg) | 14.2 ± 1.8 | ||||
| Apixaban (mg) | 9.1 ± 2.0 | ||||
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation
AF atrial fibrillation, CCr creatinine clearance, Cr creatinine, LA left atrium, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, PT-INR prothrombin time–international normalized ratio