Table 1.

summarizes various reasons for HPVG.

Reason	Author
Diverticulitis	Haak et al. [7]
	Sellner et al. (2007) [19]
Ileus	Quirke (1995) [20]
Chemotherapy/Enterocolitis	Tan et al. (2015) [21]
	Kanagushi et al. (2014) [22]
Tubo-ovarian abscess	Onyeabor et al. (2015) [23]
Colonoscopy	Shinagawa et al. (2015) [24]
Viral gastroenteritis	Mirmanesh et al. (2013) [25]
Crohn’ s disease	Kirsch et al. (1990) [26]
Incarcerated diaphragmatic hernia	Mittal et al. (2015) [27]
Gastroduodenal ulcer	Choi et al. (2014) [28]
Blunt abdominal trauma	Vauthey et al. (1992) [29]
Bickerstaff’ s encephalitis	Slawinski et al. (2015) [30]
Cocaine-induced intestinal ischemia	Patel et al. (2015) [31]
Hydrogen peroxide ingestion	Papafragkou et al.(2012) [32]
Acute pancreatitis	Park et al. (2007) [33]
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography	Hong et al. (1997) [34]
Seizure	Chen et al. (1997) [35]
Cystic fibrosis	Mallens et al. (1995) [36]