Table 1.

Dysphagia assessment

(reproduced from PARM Stroke Guidelines with permission

Context considerations	Minimum standard care of practice	Additional standard care of practice
Diagnostic tools	Water swallow test Standardized clinical bedside assessment Pulse oximetry	Videofluroscopy-modified barium swallow test (VMBS) and/or fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES)
Equipment	Water, food of different consistencies (pudding and buscuits-deleted), spoon, cup, stethoscope (see Appendix 11) Pulse oximeter	Videofluroscopy machine Fiberoptic endoscopy machine
Workforce	Physiatrist Occupational therapist Nurse	Radiologist Otorlaryngologist Speech pathologist
Resources	Protocol for water swallow test (Appendices 8 and 9) Protocol for standardized clinical bedside assessment (Appendix 10)	Protocol for barium swallow and FEES when it is considered to be pathological
Training	Training needed for water swallow and standardized clinical bedside assessment	Specialist training in tertiary hospital
When is it done	As screening tool for aspiration Before nasogastric tube is removed or anything to be given by mouth	Done after a failed water swallow test, or presence of signs and symptoms of aspiration

Context points of minimum and additional standard care of practice for dysphagia, Table 64) [28])

Used with permission from PARM