Table 3.
Demographics, underlying diseases, organs involved, laboratory data, treatment, and outcome of the 22 patients in the literature review
| Cases | Age (years)/gender | Underlying conditions | Other organs involved | Identification of NTM | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1[7] | 36/female | Crohn’s disease | Lung | M. avium complex | Rifampin, ethambutol, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin | Improved |
| 2[10] | 30/male | Intravenous drug use | Endocardium | M. neoaurum | Tobramycin, azithromycin, and moxifloxacin | Lost to follow-up |
| 3[11] | 76/male | Interstitial pneumonia | Lung | M. abscessus | Imipenem, cilastatin, amikacin, levofloxacin, and clarithromycin | Died |
| 4[12] | 62/female | NHL | None | M. mucogenicum | Multiple including clarithromycin | Died |
| 5[12] | 46/female | AML | None | M. mucogenicum | Ceftazidime, gentamicin, and teicoplanin | Improved |
| 6[12] | 41/male | AML | None | M. neoaurum | Meropenem | Improved |
| 7[12] | 42/male | NHL | None | M. mucogenicum | Ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin | Improved |
| 8[12] | 40/female | AML | None | M. mucogenicum | Ciprofloxacin | Improved |
| 9[13] | 16/male | ALL | None | M. mucogenicum | Meropenem, teicoplanin, and gentamicin | Improved |
| 10[14] | 22/male | HIV-infected | Gut | MAC | Azithromycin and ethambutol | Improved |
| 11[14] | 32/female | HIV-infected | Gut, lung | MAC | Azithromycin, amikacin, ethambutol, and sparfloxacin | Improved |
| 12[15] | 59/female | None | Subcutaneous ICD insertion site | M. mageritense | Ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin | Improved |
| 13[16] | 41/female | Rheumatic heart disease | Endocardium | M. chelonae | Rifampicin, clarithromycin, amikacin, and levofloxacin | Died |
| 14[17] | 26/male | Sickle cell disease; T1DM | None | M. terrae complex | Imipenem and amikacin | Improved |
| 15[18] | 55/male | HIV-infected | Lung | M. arupense | Clarithromycin, ethambutol, and rifabutin | Improved |
| 16[18] | 40/male | HIV-infected | None | M. arupense | Clarithromycin, ethambutol, and rifabutin | Died |
| 17[19] | 30/male | HIV-infected | Gut | M. avium | None (lost to follow-up when diagnosed) | Lost to follow-up |
| 18[20] | 15/male | ALL, Burkitt lymphoma | None | M. mucogenicum | Amikacin | Improved |
| 19[20] | 3/male | ALL | None | M. mucogenicum | Clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin | Improved |
| 20[20] | 5/male | Rhabdomyosarcoma | None | M. mucogenicum | None (died before the culture results were available) | Died |
| 21[20] | 5/female | Neuroblastoma | None | M. mucogenicum | Clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin | Improved |
| 22[20] | 17.5/male | AA | None | M. mucogenicum | Clarithromycin | Improved |
NTM: Nontuberculous Mycobacterium; NHL: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma; AML: Acute myelocytic leukemia; ALL: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ICD: Implantable cardioverter defibrillator; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; T1DM: Type 1 diabetes mellitus; AA: Aplastic anemia; MAC: Mycobacterium avium complex; M. mucogenicum: Mycobacterium mucogenicum; M. avium: Mycobacterium avium; M. arupense: Mycobacterium arupense; M. terrae: Mycobacterium terrae; M. neoaurum: Mycobacterium neoaurum; M. chelonae: Mycobacterium chelonae; M. mageritense: Mycobacterium mageritense; M. abscessus: Mycobacterium abscessus.