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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 14.
Published in final edited form as: Bone. 2013 Feb 4;54(1):157–168. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.01.041

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

AMBN modulation on osteoclast differentiation in vitro. Osteoclast formation was induced from BMMCs cultured on BSA or AMBN coated culture dishes or calcium-phosphate substrate with CSF-1 (10 ng/ml) and RANKL (50 ng/ml) for 5 days. (A and B) TRAP staining showed a pink cytoplasm in multinucleated cells, indicative of mature osteoclasts. (E) Comparison of TRAP-positive/multinucleated cell density between treatment groups. Data are presented as mean±SD for four different cultures. (C and D) Effect of AMBN on the ability of differentiated osteoclasts to form resorption pits. The phase contrast microscopy images showed a comparison between AMBN and BSA treated bone matrix (Biocoat™) subjected to BMMCs and osteoclast induction conditions. Note the presence of resorption pits (arrow) in the AMBN treated group. (F and G) The number and area of resorption pits in the AMBN treatment group are presented as percentage of the control group. ***=p<0.0001.