Table 2. Comparison for the duration and frequency of Gazing upwards using Friedman test and two-samples Wilcoxon rank signed tests (T).

Significant differences are in bold. After the FDR adjustment, only the p-values shown in italics remain statistically significant.

Behavior	Comparisons	Duration	Frequency
Gazing upwards	Sensitivity to Direction and Visibility of Eyes
	Fixed point vs. Eyes up vs. Eyes closed	χ2 = 1.6 (df = 2, p = 0.450)	χ2 = 1.6 (df = 2, p = 0.450)
	Sensitivity to Different Head Directions
	Eyes up vs. Gazing upwards	T = -17 (p = 0.043)	T = -18.5 (p = 0.031)
	Sensitivity to Different Gaze Directions (Head and Eyes)
	Fixed point vs. Gazing upwards vs. Gazing downwards	χ2 = 10.4 (df = 2, p = 0.006)	χ2 = 9.6 (df = 2, p = 0.008)
	Fixed point vs. Gazing upwards	T = -13.5 (p = 0.129)	T = -10.5 (p = 0.188)
	Fixed point vs. Gazing downwards	T = 3 (p = 0.250)	T = 3 (p = 0.250)
	Gaze upwards vs. Gazing downwards	T = 18 (p = 0.031)	T = 18.5 (p = 0.031)
	Sensitivity to Attention State and Eye Contact
	Visual Following vs. Fixed point	T = -4 (p = 0.250)	T = -2.5 (p = 0.625)
	Visual Following vs. Eyes up	T = 0 (p = 1.000)	T = 1 (p = 1.000)
	Visual Following vs. Eyes closed	T = 0 p = 1.000)	T = 1 (p = 1.000)
	Visual Following vs. Gazing upwards	T = -21.5 (p = 0.027)	T = -18.5 (p = 0.072)
	Visual Following vs. Gazing downwards	T = 0.5 (p = 1.000)	T = 0.5 (p = 1.000)