Table 1.
Demographic and baseline characteristics.
| Variable | No lifetime suicide attempt | Lifetime suicide attempt | Statistical test (df), p |
|---|---|---|---|
| N Study, n (%) | 110 | 60 | X2(2) = 2.45, .29 |
| Treatment group, n (%) | X2(1) = 0.04, .85 | ||
| Contingency management | 57 (51.8) | 32 (53.3) | |
| Standard care | 53 (48.2) | 28 (46.7) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | X2(3) = 1.24, .74 | ||
| White | 15 (13.6) | 11 (18.3) | |
| Black | 51 (46.4) | 23 (38.3) | |
| Hispanic | 34 (30.9) | 20 (33.3) | |
| Other | 10 (9.1) | 6 (10) | |
| Male gender, n (%) | 73 (66.4) | 31 (51.7) | X2(1) = 3.53, .06 |
| Age* | 43.8 (7.1) | 41.2 (6.0) | t (167) = 2.32, <.05 |
| Years of education | 11.3 (2.3) | 11.4 (2.0) | t (168) = −0.27, .76 |
| Marital and living status, n (%) | X2(3) = 2.22, .53 | ||
| Never married | 60 (54.5) | 30 (50.0) | |
| Separated/divorced | 35 (31.8) | 22 (36.7) | |
| Married or cohabitating | 10 (9.1) | 3 (5.0) | |
| Widowed | 5 (4.5) | 5 (8.3) | |
| Employment status, n (%)* | X2(3) = 14.35, .002 | ||
| Full or part time | 47 (42.7) | 9 (15.3) | |
| Retired/disability | 29 (26.4) | 18 (30.5) | |
| Unemployed/other | 24 (21.8) | 23 (39.0) | |
| In controlled environment | 10 (9.1) | 9 (15.3) | |
| Annual income | $9939 (11,198) | $11,828 (10,713) | t (163) = −1.02, .29 |
| AIDS diagnosis based on CD4<200, n (%) | 24 (24.2) | 11 (23.4) | X2(1) = 0.01, .91 |
| Days between study evaluation and blood test | −21.1 (38.9) | −27.3 (51.8) | t (145) = 0.80, .43 |
| Taking anti-retrovirals, n (%) | 53 (60.9) | 31 (67.4) | X2(1) = .54, .46 |
| Baseline urine positive for alcohol, cocaine, or opiods, n (%) | 55 (50.0) | 31 (51.7) | X2(1) = 0.04, .84 |
| DSM-IV cocaine use disorder, n (%) | 80 (73.4) | 49 (81.7) | X2(1) = 1.47, .23 |
| DSM-IV opioid use disorder, n (%) | 58 (53.2) | 31 (51.7) | X2(1) = 0.04 .86 |
| DSM-IV alcohol use disorder, n (%) | 26 (23.9) | 20 (33.3) | X2(1) = 1.76, .19 |
| Addiction Severity Index scores | |||
| Medical | 0.40 (0.36) | 0.49 (0.32) | t (168) = −1.61, .11 |
| Employment* | 0.82 (0.20) | 0.91 (0.17) | t (168) = −2.46, <.05 |
| Alcohol | 0.10 (0.20) | 0.14 (0.17) | t (168) = −1.33, .18 |
| Drug use | 0.15 (0.13) | 0.16 (0.09) | t (168) = −0.73, .46 |
| Legal | 0.07 (0.16) | 0.07 (0.16) | t (168) = 0.27, .79 |
| Family/social* | 0.13 (0.21) | 0.27 (0.24) | t (168) = −3.92,<.001 |
| psychiatric* | 0.24 (0.21) | 0.39 (0.20) | t (168) = −4.54,<.001 |
Note. Values represent means and standard deviations unless otherwise indicated; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, revision IV; Missing employment data for one patient in suicide group;
*
Significant between group difference, p < .05.