. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Sep 25.

Published in final edited form as: J Mol Biol. 2016 Aug 8;428(19):3850–3868. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.08.002

Table 3. Physiological and Pathological functions of Gα_s family.

Physiological functions which could be explained by the well-studied cellular signaling pathways	Functions without well-established G-protein signaling pathways
Myocardial hypertrophy, increase in hydrolysis of triglyceride, decrease in amino acid uptake, increase in the conversion of glycogen to glucose, inhibition of synthesis of glycogen, increase in synthesis of estrogen and progesterone, increase in synthesis of aldosterone and Cortisol, increase in excitation/contraction and sympathetic cardiac activation and hypertrophy, iodide organification, secretion of thyroxine, thyroid cell mitogenesis, increase in reabsorption of calcium from bone, fluid secretion, inhibition of platelet aggregation and secretion	Mg²⁺ uptake, hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in bone marrow

Physiological functions which could be explained by the well-studied cellular signaling pathways

Functions without well-established G-protein signaling pathways

Myocardial hypertrophy, increase in hydrolysis of triglyceride, decrease in amino acid uptake, increase in the conversion of glycogen to glucose, inhibition of synthesis of glycogen, increase in synthesis of estrogen and progesterone, increase in synthesis of aldosterone and Cortisol, increase in excitation/contraction and sympathetic cardiac activation and hypertrophy, iodide organification, secretion of thyroxine, thyroid cell mitogenesis, increase in reabsorption of calcium from bone, fluid secretion, inhibition of platelet aggregation and secretion

Mg²⁺ uptake, hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in bone marrow

Table 3. Physiological and Pathological functions of Gαs family.

Table 3. Physiological and Pathological functions of Gα_s family.