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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2015 Jun 1;69(Suppl 2):S100–S109. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000623

TABLE 1.

Estimated Age-Standardized Prevalence (%) and Number of Women and Men Who Were Dependent on Amphetamines, Opioids, and Cocaine, and Injected Drugs, 2010

Amphetamines Opioids


Women Men Women Men




N % (95% UI) N % (95% UI) N % (95% UI) N % (95% UI)

Asia Pacific, high income 134,000 0.17 (0.10–0.29) 238,000 0.30 (0.18–0.47) 147,000 0.19 (0.10–0.34) 308,500 0.37 (0.19–0.66)
Asia Central 77,000 0.18 (0.13–0.24) 126,000 0.30 (0.22–0.41) 62,000 0.15 (0.10–0.21) 146,500 0.34 (0.23–0.51)
Asia East 939,000 0.13 (0.08–0.23) 1,695,000 0.22 (0.13–0.37) 746,000 0.10 (0.04–0.22) 1,434,000 0.18 (0.08–0.36)
Asia South 1,425,000 0.18 (0.10–0.31) 2,567,000 0.30 (0.18–0.54) 1,291,500 0.16 (0.13–0.20) 3,039,500 0.36 (0.28–0.44)
Asia Southeast 1,000,000 0.31 (0.23–0.42) 1,723,000 0.54 (0.40–0.75) 282,500 0.09 (0.06–0.13) 673,500 0.21 (0.14–0.31)
Australasia 36,000 0.31 (0.19–0.47) 62,000 0.51 (0.33–0.76) 30,550 0.25 (0.22–0.31) 79,500 0.66 (0.57–0.78)
Caribbean 33,000 0.15 (0.11–0.21) 55,000 0.26 (0.18–0.35) 35,500 0.17 (0.11–0.25) 74,000 0.35 (0.23–0.54)
Europe Central 134,000 0.23 (0.19–0.29) 231,000 0.39 (0.32–0.48) 66,500 0.11 (0.08–0.15) 163,500 0.27 (0.19–0.39)
Europe Eastern 112,000 0.11 (0.07–0.15) 187,000 0.18 (0.13–0.27) 192,500 0.17 (0.09–0.31) 414,500 0.38 (0.21–0.69)
Europe Western 336,000 0.19 (0.17–0.21) 602,000 0.33 (0.29–0.37) 346,000 0.18 (0.16–0.21) 972,500 0.52 (0.46–0.58)
Latin America Andean 28,000 0.10 (0.08–0.14) 48,000 0.17 (0.13–0.22) 48,000 0.18 (0.10–0.31) 105,000 0.38 (0.21–0.63)
Latin America Central 271,000 0.22 (0.16–0.32) 439,000 0.38 (0.26–0.54) 181,000 0.15 (0.09–0.25) 391,000 0.34 (0.20–0.55)
Latin America South 57,000 0.19 (0.14–0.26) 96,000 0.32 (0.23–0.43) 63,500 0.21 (0.11–0.39) 144,500 0.48 (0.26–0.84)
Latin America Tropical 265,000 0.25 (0.17–0.35) 443,000 0.42 (0.29–0.58) 161,500 0.14 (0.06–0.29) 329,500 0.31 (0.13–0.61)
North Africa Middle East 413,000 0.17 (0.14–0.22) 732,000 0.29 (0.23–0.37) 392,500 0.17 (0.12–0.23) 981,000 0.39 (0.28–0.56)
North America, high income 263,000 0.17 (0.12–0.22) 454,000 0.29 (0.21–0.38) 270,500 0.17 (0.13–0.22) 688,500 0.43 (0.34–0.54)
Oceania 9000 0.19 (0.12–0.31) 16,000 0.32 (0.20–0.53) 6000 0.13 (0.07–0.23) 12,500 0.26 (0.13–0.47)
Sub-Saharan Africa Central 79,000 0.18 (0.11–0.28) 129,000 0.30 (0.19–0.47) 39,000 0.09 (0.05–0.14) 79,000 0.20 (0.10–0.35)
Sub-Saharan Africa East 299,000 0.18 (0.13–0.23 499,000 0.30 (0.23–0.39) 149,000 0.09 (0.07–0.13) 339,500 0.21 (0.15–0.29)
Sub-Saharan Africa South 68,000 0.18 (0.11–0.28) 120,000 0.31 (0.20–0.47) 50,500 0.14 (0.07–0.26) 106,500 0.28 (0.13–0.53)
Sub-Saharan Africa West 276,000 0.18 (0.13–0.25) 466,000 0.30 (0.21–0.44) 137,000 0.09 (0.06–0.14) 298,500 0.20 (0.13–0.31)
Global 6,256,000 0.18 (0.16–0.22) 10,928,000 0.31 (0.27–0.37) 4,698,500 0.14 (0.12–0.16) 10,781,000 0.31 (0.27–0.35)

Cocaine Injecting drug use


Women Men Women Men




N % (95% UI) N % (95% UI) N % (95% UI) N % (95% UI)

Asia Pacific, high income 77,600 0.10 (0.06–0.16) 179,700 0.22 (0.13–0.35) 137,000 0.17 (0.12–0.28) 384,000 0.46 (0.31–0.74)
Asia Central 16,300 0.04 (0.03–0.05) 35,500 0.08 (0.06–0.11) 65,000 0.15 (0.11–0.22) 191,000 0.47 (0.33–0.70)
Asia East 69,600 0.01 (0.01–0.02) 164,000 0.02 (0.01–0.04) 781,000 0.12 (0.09–0.13) 2,326,000 0.30 (0.26–0.35)
Asia South 316,500 0.04 (0.02–0.06) 769,500 0.09 (0.05–0.15) 476,000 0.06 (0.05–0.08) 1,482,000 0.18 (0.13–0.24)
Asia Southeast 34,900 0.01 (0.01–0.02) 79,200 0.02 (0.02–0.04) 241,000 0.08 (0.06–0.09) 733,000 0.23 (0.19–0.28)
Australasia 9800 0.08 (0.05–0.15) 22,300 0.19 (0.11–0.32) 33,000 0.25 (0.08–0.73) 94,000 0.77 (0.21–2.06)
Caribbean 43,700 0.20 (0.15–0.28) 99,800 0.46 (0.34–0.62) 27,000 0.14 (0.07–0.26) 81,000 0.43 (0.22–0.79)
Europe Central 18,500 0.03 (0.02–0.04) 44,200 0.07 (0.06–0.09) 73,000 0.12 (0.07–0.21) 221,000 0.36 (0.22–0.64)
Europe Eastern 35,700 0.03 (0.02–0.05) 81,300 0.08 (0.05–0.11) 251,000 0.20 (0.11–0.50) 761,000 0.70 (0.35–1.47)
Europe Western 194,400 0.11 (0.10–0.12) 446,300 0.24 (0.21–0.28) 274,000 0.15 (0.12–0.17) 835,000 0.43 (0.36–0.50)
Latin America Andean 43,500 0.16 (0.11–0.21) 101,600 0.36 (0.26–0.50) 42,000 0.16 (0.06–0.36) 118,000 0.45 (0.18–1.01)
Latin America Central 85,500 0.07 (0.05–0.09) 188,900 0.16 (0.12–0.22) 166,000 0.14 (0.07–0.29) 464,000 0.40 (0.19–0.81)
Latin America South 56,200 0.19 (0.11–0.29) 127,700 0.42 (0.27–0.65) 42,000 0.14 (0.11–0.18) 124,000 0.41 (0.32–0.53)
Latin America Tropical 285,000 0.26 (0.17–0.39) 634,900 0.59 (0.37–0.91) 158,000 0.13 (0.13–0.17) 398,000 0.38 (0.32–0.44)
North Africa Middle East 205,000 0.08 (0.06–0.11) 486,300 0.19 (0.14–0.24) 296,000 0.12 (0.08–0.21) 932,000 0.36 (0.23–0.59)
North America, high income 494,800 0.33 (0.22–0.49) 1,109,100 0.72 (0.48–1) 363,000 0.22 (0.06–0.66) 1,083,000 0.68 (0.19–1.78)
Oceania 900 0.02 (0.01–0.03) 2200 0.04 (0.03–0.07) 5000 0.11 (0.05–0.31) 15,000 0.34 (0.13–0.81)
Sub-Saharan Africa Central 12,600 0.03 (0.02–0.05) 27,700 0.07 (0.04–0.11) 37,000 0.09 (0.04–0.21) 108,000 0.28 (0.11–0.66)
Sub-Saharan Africa East 32,800 0.02 (0.02–0.03) 72,200 0.04 (0.03–0.06) 140,000 0.09 (0.06–0.15) 406,000 0.27 (0.16–0.43)
Sub-Saharan Africa South 11,100 0.03 (0.02–0.05) 25,500 0.07 (0.03–0.11) 35,000 0.10 (0.04–0.25) 109,000 0.30 (0.10–0.75)
Sub-Saharan Africa West 45,500 0.03 (0.02–0.04) 103,100 0.07 (0.05–0.10) 129,000 0.09 (0.05–0.18) 375,000 0.26 (0.14–0.49)
Global 2,089,900 0.06 (0.05–0.07) 4,800,800 0.14 (0.12–0.16) 3,771,000 0.11 (0.10–0.13) 11,240,000 0.32 (0.28–0.39)

UI, uncertainty interval.

Sources of amphetamine and cocaine data from Ref. 4; opioid data from Ref. 5; and injecting drug use data from Refs. 3 and 6.