Fig. 2.

Wound-healing cytokines (a IL-6, b G-CSF, c GM-CSF, d IL-1α, e TNF-α, f VCAM-1, g ICAM-1) secreted by single layer keratinocytes (SK), single layer fibroblasts (SF), bilayer (BL) and acellular fibrin (AF) substitutes. Cytokines IL-6 and G-CSF were predominantly secreted by BL substitute [IL-6: 10497.2 ± 285.9 pg/mL (p < 0.05); G-CSF: 5319.3 ± 598.9 pg/mL (p < 0.001)] while VCAM-1 was secreted in high amounts by SK substitute (4491.2 ± 333.8 pg/mL) (p < 0.003). In contrast, ICAM-1 was secreted by all substitutes. No significant difference for secretion of GM-CSF, IL-1α, TNF-α and ICAM-1 was observed for all groups. Asterisk represents significantly higher compared to the other groups