Table 5.
The degradation potential of pyrethroid-degrading microorganisms in soils.
| Microorganism | Degraded pesticide | Dosage (mg/kg) | Type of soil | Type of experiment | Inoculum size (cfu/g) | Comments | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter calcoaceticus MCm5 | Cypermethrin | 200 | No data | In laboratory, 30°C | 1 × 107 | Almost 90% of cypermethrin was removed from inoculated soil within 42 days (t1/2 17.1 days) whereas in control soil (non-sterilized) 43.7% of initial dose was degraded (t1/2 48.5 days) | Akbar et al., 2015a |
| Bacillus sp. DG-02 | Fenpropathrin | 50 | Sandy loam | In laboratory, 30°C | 1 × 108 | The value of t1/2 for fenpropathrin in inoculated soil was shortened, giving value of 5.4 days as compared to the control (37.1 days) | Chen et al., 2014 |
| Bacillus sp. ISTDS2 | Cypermethrin | 100 | Loam | In laboratory, 30°C | 5 × 107 | Complete degradation of cypermethrin in inoculated sterile soil within 30 days | Sundaram et al., 2013 |
| Bacillus cereus Y1 | Deltamethrin | 10 | Soil from vegetable farmland | In laboratory, 30°C | 1 × 1010 | The dissipation rate of deltamethrin in inoculated soil was 74.9% during 25 days (t1/2 5.2 days)–in control 45.1% (t1/2 8.3 days) | Zhang et al., 2016 |
| Bacillus licheniformis B-1 | Cypermethrin | 20 | Soil from vegetable farmland | In laboratory, 22°C | 1 × 108 | The degradation of cypermethrin was 54% (t1/2 19.9 days) in inoculated soil within 25 days (in control only 14%, t1/2 5.2 days) | Liu et al., 2014 |
| Bacillus megaterium JCm2 | Cypermethrin | 200 | No data | In laboratory, 30°C | 1.6 × 107 | Nearly 88% of cypermethrin was removed from inoculated soil within 42 days (t1/2 16.3 days)—in non-sterilized control soil (t1/2 48.5 days) | Akbar et al., 2015b |
| Brevibacillus parabrevis FCm9 | Cypermethrin | 200 | No data | In laboratory, 30°C | 1 × 107 | Almost 90% of cypermethrin was removed from inoculated soil within 42 days (t1/2 9.6 days) whereas in control soil (non-sterilized) 43.7% of initial dose was degraded (t1/2 48.5 days) | Akbar et al., 2015a |
| Candida pelliculosa ZS-02 | Bifenthrin | 50 | Sandy loam | In laboratory, 32°C | 1 × 107 | Almost 75% of bifenthrin was removed from inoculated soil within 10 days (t1/2 4.9 days) whereas in control soil (non-sterilized) 8.4% of initial dose was degraded (t1/2 78.8 days) | Chen et al., 2012d |
| Catellibacterium sp. CC-5 | Cypermethrin | 50 | Soil from grass-covered field | In laboratory, 30°C | 5 × 106 | Almost 86% of cypermethrin was removed from inoculated soil within 10 days (t1/2 3.4 days) whereas in control soil (non-sterilized) 26.9% of initial dose was degraded (t1/2 21.6 days) | Zhao et al., 2013 |
| Ochrobactrum anthropi JCm1 | Cypermethrin | 200 | No data | In laboratory, 30°C | 1.6 × 107 | 93.4% of cypermethrin was removed from inoculated soil within 42 days (t1/2 13.4 days)–in non-sterilized control soil (t1/2 48.5 days) | Akbar et al., 2015b |
| Rhodococcus sp. JCm5 | Cypermethrin | 200 | No data | In laboratory, 30°C | 1.6 × 107 | 100% of cypermethrin was removed from inoculated soil within 42 days (t1/2 8.6 days)–in non-sterilized control soil (t1/2 48.5 days) | Akbar et al., 2015b |
| Serratia marcescens DeI-1 | Deltamethrin | 100 | Sand, Sandy loam, Silty loam, Silt | In laboratory, 30°C | 3 × 106 | 61–82% of the initial dose of deltamethrin was removed in inoculated soils after 84 days (DT50 27.0–47.1 days)–in non-sterile control soils (41.8-59.8%–DT50 68.8–105.3 days) | Cycoń et al., 2014 |
| Serratia marcescens DeI-2 | Deltamethrin | 100 | Sand, Sandy loam, Silty loam, Silt | In laboratory, 30°C | 3 × 106 | 70–92% of the initial dose of deltamethrin was removed in inoculated soils after 84 days (DT50 32.8–59.3 days)–in non-sterile control soils (41.8-59.8%–DT50 68.8–105.3 days) | Cycoń et al., 2014 |
| Sphingomonas sp. RCm6 | Cypermethrin | 200 | No data | In laboratory, 30°C | 1 × 107 | Almost 100% of cypermethrin was removed from inoculated soil within 42 days (t1/2 14.4 days) whereas in control soil (non-sterilized) 43.7% of initial dose was degraded | Akbar et al., 2015a |
| Stenotrophomonas sp. ZS-S-01 | Fenvalerate | 50 | Silty loam | In laboratory, 30°C | 1 × 107 | 93.4% of fenvalerate was degraded within 9 days (t1/2 2.3 days)–in control only 28.7% (t1/2 19.2 days); ability to degrade the main metabolite, i.e., 3-phenoxybenzoic acid | Chen et al., 2011c |
| Streptomyces aureus HP-S-01 | Cypermethrin | 50 | Sandy loam | In situ, 24–30°C | 1 × 106 | 81.1% of cypermethrin was removed in bioaugmented soil (t1/2 4.1 days)–in control 32.1% (t1/2 17.2 days), HP-S-01 strain was also capable of degrading the main metabolite, i.e., 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde | Chen et al., 2012c |