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. 2016 Sep 15;6:33485. doi: 10.1038/srep33485

Figure 3. Response of Caco-2 cells to predatory bacteria.

Figure 3

(Upper Panels) ELISA assays were performed for human pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α (left panels) the dual functioning IL-6 and the anti-inflammatory IL-10 (right panels) in response to predatory bacteria (MOI = 1230) in Caco-2 cultures relative to the untreated media controls. E. coli strain MG1655 (MOI = 111) was used as a representative Gram-negative strain. Inflammatory proteins were measured 6 hours post-inoculation of the bacteria (n = 3). The mean values from three independent experiments are shown with the error bars representing the standard deviation. (*p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001). (Lower Images) Predatory bacteria induced no early cytoskeletal changes in Caco-2 cells. Impact of a 4-hour pre-treatment of Caco-2 cells with predatory bacteria (MOI = 1230) on actin filament rearrangement. Caco-2 cells were cultured on collagen-treated 8-well chambered coverslips and fixed after 4 hours. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue) and actin filaments with Rhodamine-Phalloidin (red), and fluorescent confocal microscopy was performed. The composite images show nuclei (blue) and actin (gold, false color added for better resolution). Images are representative of n = 3 independent experiments. Scale bar = 10 μm.