TABLE 1—
Baseline Characteristics of Participating Students: 3 Texas Schools, 2011–2013
| Characteristic | T-T Group (n = 62), % | T-C Group (n = 59), % | C-T Group (n = 23), % | C-C Group (n = 49), % | Total (n = 193), % | Pa |
| School | < .001 | |||||
| School 1 (n = 35) | 33.9 | 23.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 18.1 | |
| School 2 (n = 107) | 35.5 | 57.6 | 47.8 | 81.6 | 55.4 | |
| School 3 (n = 51) | 30.7 | 18.6 | 52.2 | 18.4 | 26.4 | |
| Gender | .88 | |||||
| Female (n = 97) | 46.8 | 50.9 | 56.5 | 51.0 | 50.3 | |
| Male (n = 96) | 53.2 | 49.2 | 43.5 | 49.0 | 49.7 | |
| Grade | .005 | |||||
| Grade 2 (n = 103) | 59.7 | 37.3 | 78.3 | 53.1 | 53.4 | |
| Grade 3 (n = 90) | 40.3 | 62.7 | 21.7 | 46.9 | 46.6 | |
| Race/ethnicity | .42 | |||||
| White (n = 144) | 77.4 | 76.3 | 82.6 | 65.3 | 74.6 | |
| Hispanic (n = 15) | 8.1 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 6.1 | 7.8 | |
| Black (n = 14) | 4.8 | 10.2 | 0.0 | 10.2 | 7.3 | |
| Other (n = 20) | 9.7 | 5.1 | 8.7 | 18.4 | 10.4 | |
| Body mass index categoryb | .07 | |||||
| Normal or underweight (n = 153) | 82.3 | 72.9 | 82.6 | 81.6 | 79.3 | |
| Overweight (n = 23) | 14.5 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 14.3 | 11.9 | |
| Obese (n = 17) | 3.2 | 18.6 | 8.7 | 4.1 | 8.8 |
Note. Treatment groups are as follows: students who remained in a treatment condition for both years of the study (T-T), students who remained in a control condition for both years of the study (C-C), students who switched from a control to a treatment condition (C-T), and students who switched from a treatment to a control condition (T-C).
a
P values determined by Pearson χ2 test.
b
Body mass index category was determined according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines (https://nccd.cdc.gov/dnpabmi/calculator.aspx).