Table 2.
Patient demographic data and clinical characteristics according to in-hospital mortality
| All patients (n = 323) | Survivors (n = 281) | Non-survivors (n = 42) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 50.8 ± 10.4 | 50.9 ± 9.8 | 50.3 ± 13.8 | NS (0.753) |
| Gender (M/F) | 231/92 | 199/82 | 32/10 | NS (0.583) |
| BMI on admission (kg/m2) | 24.3 ± 4.0 | 24.7 ± 4.0 | 21.1 ± 2.4 | <0.001 |
| History of diabetes mellitus (yes/no) | 55/268 | 46/235 | 9/33 | NS (0.387) |
| History of chronic kidney disease (yes/no) | 31/292 | 22/259 | 9/33 | 0.005 |
| Proteinuria on admission (yes/no) | 45/278 | 31/250 | 14/28 | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin on admission (g/dL) | 10.6 ± 2.2 | 10.7 ± 2.2 | 9.8 ± 2.1 | 0.008 |
| Leukocytes on admission (× 109/L) | 2.9 ± 3.7 | 2.8 ± 3.5 | 3.3 ± 4.9 | NS (0.569) |
| Platelets on admission (× 109/L) [median] | 72.7 [60] | 72.9 ± [60] | 71.1 [59] | NS (0.809) |
| Prothrombin time INR on admission | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | NS (0.050) |
| Serum sodium on admission (mmol/L) | 137.8 ± 5.7 | 137.9 ± 5.4 | 137.0 ± 8.0 | NS (0.471) |
| AST on admission (U/L) [median] | 88.8 [62] | 87.5 [64] | 98.3 [51] | NS (0.498) |
| ALT on admission (U/L) [median] | 67.2 [39] | 67.4 [40] | 65.8 [34] | NS (0.938) |
| Total bilirubin on admission (μmol/L) [median] | 145.4 [51] | 130.0 [50] | 244.5 [96] | 0.003 |
| A-a gradient on admission (mmHg) [median] | 25.1 [17] | 22.8 [17] | 43.3 [18] | 0.039 |
| Serum creatinine on admission (μmol/L) [median] | 97.2 [77] | 92.2 [75] | 114.9 [84] | NS (0.064) |
| Hepatorenal syndrome, n (%) | 29 (9) | 22 (8) | 7 (17) | NS (0.079) |
| MAP on admission (mmHg) | 86.1 ± 12.4 | 86.3 ± 12.7 | 84.7 ± 10.3 | NS (0.427) |
| Child-Pugh points on admission | 10.1 ± 2.6 | 9.9 ± 2.7 | 11.1 ± 2.0 | 0.010 |
| MELD score on admission | 17.6 ± 9.0 | 17.1 ± 8.9 | 21.4 ± 9.7 | 0.025 |
| RIFLE on admission (No AKI/Risk/Injury/Failure) | 286/16/9/12 | 250/13/9/9 | 36/3/0/3 | NS (0.449) |
| SOFA score on admission | 5.1 ± 2.7 | 4.8 ± 2.5 | 6.7 ± 3.3 | 0.001 |
| Anesthesia time during operation (hours) | 12.1 ± 1.8 | 12.1 ± 1.9 | 12.4 ± 1.5 | NS (0.362) |
| Donor type (DDLT /LDLT) | 91/232 | 74/207 | 17/25 | 0.018 |
| Total operative time (mins) [median] | 687.1 [683] | 685.6 [683] | 697.2 [682] | NS (0.589) |
| Cold ischemia time (mins) [median] | 85.0 [15] | 74.8 [15] | 166.4 [17] | NS (0.125) |
| Warm ischemia time (mins) [median] | 128.2 [122] | 126.3 [121] | 141.1 [129] | NS (0.115) |
| Graft-to-recipient weight ratio (%) | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | NS (0.125) |
| Blood loss volume during operation (ml) [median] | 3034 [2000] | 2672 [1840] | 4430 [2000] | 0.014 |
| Length of ICU stay (days) [median] | 21.0 [14] | 19.2 [14] | 33.6 [24] | 0.002 |
| Length of hospital stay (days) [median] | 47.8 [38] | 46.7 [38] | 54.7 [44] | NS (0.215) |
Values in bold are statistically significant (P-value < 0.05)
There were significant differences in BMI on admission, history of chronic kidney disease, presence of proteinuria on admission, hemoglobin on admission, total bilirubin on admission, A-a gradient on admission, Child-Pugh points on admission, MELD score on admission, SOFA score on admission, blood loss volume during operation, and length of ICU stay
Abbreviation: M male, F female, ICU intensive care unit, MAP mean arterial pressure, INR international normalized ratio, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, DM diabetes mellitus, MELD model for end-stage liver disease, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, AKI acute kidney injury, DDLT deceased donor liver transplantation, LDLT living donor liver transplantation