Table 1.
Sample characteristics
| Sample Characteristics | Overall (n=1672) | Any neck symptoms* (n=341) | Any shoulder symptoms* (n=419) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) years | 68.0(9.1) | 67.7(8.9) | 68.2(9.0) |
| BMI, mean (SD) kg/m2 | 31.5(7.2) | 32.5(7.4) | 32.5(7.7) |
| Male n (%) | 543(32.5) | 86(25.2) | 128(30.6) |
| African American n (%) | 523(31.3) | 85(24.9) | 130(31.0) |
| Lung problems† n (%) | 323(19.7) | 112(34.0) | 123(30.1) |
| Cardiovascular problems† n (%) | 652(39.8) | 159(48.3) | 201(49.1) |
| Cancer n (%) | 297(18.1) | 76(23.1) | 87(21.3) |
| Other MSK problems† n (%) | 585(35.7) | 177(53.8) | 212(51.8) |
| Diabetes n (%) | 393(24.0) | 91(27.7) | 133(32.5) |
| Depression† n (%) | 188(11.5) | 71(20.9) | 94(22.8) |
| Symptoms at other sites‡ n (%) | 1134(71.6) | 318(93.3) | 388(93.7) |
| DASH, mean (SD) | 13.8(17.1) | 27.2(19.8) | 12.7(19.5) |
| HAQ, mean (SD) | 1.2(1.0) | 1.8(1.0) | 1.8(1.0) |
| Grip strength, mean (SD) kg | 26.9(11.5) | 24.2(11.1) | 24.9(11.5) |
| Pinch strength, mean (SD) kg | 7.4(7.4) | 6.7(6.9) | 7.0(7.8) |
| Functional reach, mean (SD) cm | 29.4(9.3) | 27.8(9.2) | 26.3(10.0) |
| “Back scratch” worst 2§ (%) | 390(23.3) | 112(32.8) | 166(39.6) |
*
Presence of symptoms of any severity (mild, moderate, or severe)
†
Lung Problems (bronchiti s, emphysema, and lung trouble); Cardiovascular Problems (stroke, heart attack, heart trouble, circulation problems); Other MSK Problems (fibrositis, gout, tendonitis); Depression (CES-D ≥ 16)
‡
Pain, aching or stiffness reported in foot, knee, hip, hand, mid-back, and/or lower back
§
“Back scratch” worst 2 categories: >40cm between fingers or unable to perform the test.
BMI=body mass index; MSK=musculoskeletal; DASH=Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand; HAQ=Health Assessment Questionnaire; n for neck symptoms=1638; n for shoulder symptoms=1672.