Table 1.
Biological and uranium analyses
| Total body weight (g) | Kidney weight (g) | Ratio kidney/total body (%) | Uranium concentrations in kidney (ng U g−1) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A | |||||||||
| Control (20) | 577 ± 9 | 1/77 ± 0.03 | 0.3 | 6.3 ± 0.6 | |||||
| NU 0.015 mg L−1 (20) | 572 ± 14 | 1.71 ± 0.08 | 0.3 | 6.5 ± 0.6 | |||||
| NU 0.15 mg L−1 (20) | 559 ± 8 | 1.71 ± 0.04 | 0.3 | 8.7 ± 0.8* | |||||
| NU 1.5 mg L−1 (20) | 593 ± 15 | 1.72 ± 0.05 | 0.3 | 16 ± 2*** | |||||
| NU 40 mg L−1 (20) | 561 ± 13 | 1.64* ± 0.03 | 0.3 | 268 ± 34*** | |||||
| Urine volume (g) | Amylase (U) | Calcium (mmol) | Uric acid (µmol) | Creatinine (µmol) | Glucose (mmol) | Phosphorus (mmol) | Total proteins (g) | Urea (mmol) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel B | |||||||||
| 3 months | |||||||||
| Control (20) | 28.40 ± 1.20 | 174.05 ± 14.48 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 47.34 ± 6.14 | 222.87 ± 6.93 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.52 ± 0.10 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 21.33 ± 1.15 |
| NU 0.015 mg L−1 (20) | 25.25 ± 1.37 | 147.04 ± 16.10 | 0.04 ± 0.00* | 43.71 ± 6.43 | 215.17 ± 6.56 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.50 ± 0.08 | 0.10 ± 0.05 | 17.17 ± 1.0** |
| NU 0.15 mg L−1 (20) | 27.50 ± 2.59 | 135.51 ± 20.13 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 93.64 ± 55.89 | 209.21 ± 7.83 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.62 ± 0.14 | 0.13 ± 0.06 | 17.94 ± 0.82* |
| NU 1.5 mg L−1 (20) | 24.45 ± 1.22* | 159.39 ± 19.90 | 0.04 ± 0 | 37.96 ± 3.68 | 220.05 ± 8.46 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.46 ± 0.07 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 18.65 ± 0.69 |
| NU 40 mg L−1 (20) | 25.75 ± 1.37 | 156.94 ± 15.48 | 0.039 ± 0.00 | 35.82 ± 1.22 | 220.32 ± 5.75 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.52 ± 0.06 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 18.29 ± 0.47* |
| 6 months | |||||||||
| Control (20) | 31.01 ± 1.29 | 217.45 ± 8.63 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 40.30 ± 1.23 | 279.18 ± 8.79 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.44 ± 0.05 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 26.07 ± 0.76 |
| NU 0.015 mg L−1 (20) | 26.50 ± 1.2* | 193.63 ± 8.19 | 0.06* ± 0.01 | 41.30 ± 2.35 | 275.27 ± 8.45 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.38 ± 0.04 | 0.06 ± 0.00** | 23.47 ± 0.73* |
| NU 0.15 mg L−1 (20) | 26.06 ± 1.14** | 206.52 ± 9.62 | 0.05** ± 0.01 | 39.11 ± 1.22 | 255.79 ± 8.27 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.49 ± 0.04 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 22.00 ± 0.73*** |
| NU 1.5 mg L−1 (20) | 28.22 ± 1.65 | 226.06 ± 15.26 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 38.23 ± 1.59 | 279.61 ± 11.87 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.45 ± 0.06 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | 24.93 ± 0.95 |
| NU 40 mg L−1 (20) | 26.03 ± 1.66* | 206.85 ± 8.24 | 0.06** ± 0.01 | 39.80 ± 1.31 | 269.18 ± 8.62 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.37 ± 0.06 | 0.06 ± 0.00** | 22.85 ± 0.55*** |
| 9 months | |||||||||
| Control (20) | 31.17 ± 1.86 | 240.23 ± 10.02 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 39.71 ± 1.53 | 292.78 ± 9.89 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.66 ± 0.05 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 26.33 ± 0.78 |
| NU 0.015 mg L−1 (20) | 28.41 ± 2.00 | 216.90 ± 8.92 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 40.67 ± 2.41 | 289.46 ± 7.88 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.64 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.01* | 24.49 ± 0.77 |
| NU 0.15 mg L−1 (20) | 24.37 ± 0.90** | 240.24 ± 14.90 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 40.00 ± 1.49 | 277.05 ± 4.84 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.65 ± 0.05 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 22.53 ± 0.46*** |
| NU 1.5 mg L−1 (20) | 27.30 ± 1.76 | 258.68 ± 15.75 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 39.29 ± 1.73 | 301.15 ± 9.01 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.72 ± 0.04 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 26.13 ± 0.83 |
| NU 40 mg L−1 (20) | 23.86 ± 1.21** | 229.77 ± 12.97 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 39.70 ± 1.28 | 286.41 ± 9.01 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.56 ± 0.04 | 0.07 ± 0.01** | 23.62 ± 0.82* |
Panel A Mean ± SEM of (i) whole-body weight, kidney weight and ratio of kidney to whole-body weight in each group, and (ii) uranium concentration in kidneys after 9 months of chronic radionuclide ingestion through drinking water (0.015, 0.15, 1.5 and 40 mg L−1)
Panel B Mean ± SEM of (i) 48-h urine collection, and (ii) urine proteins, carbohydrates, ions and other metabolites in control and contaminated (NU) groups after 3, 6 and 9 months of chronic radionuclide ingestion through drinking water (0.015, 0.15, 1.5 and 40 mg L−1)
The number of rats for each measurement is indicated in parentheses
Results are significantly different for: * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001