TSG-6 is expressed in the mature CNS by astrocytes.
A, immunohistochemistry with anti-TSG-6 (RAH1) in the neocortex of rat brain tissue from adult (P60) and E18 embryos showed TSG-6 staining solely in the adult tissues in star-shaped cells with numerous projections. B, RNA was extracted from the brains of E18, P1, P12, P20, P45, and P60 rats, and TSG-6 expression was analyzed by real time PCR and normalized to the housekeeping gene GADPH; mean data are shown with error bars representing S.D. of differences between replicates (n = 9). C, proteins were extracted from P1, P40, and P60 rat brains and analyzed by Western blotting using an anti-TSG-6 antibody. Human recombinant TSG-6 (hrTSG-6) protein was used as control. D, co-staining with anti-TSG-6 and WFA showed that TSG-6 is not present in the perineuronal nets of adult rat brains (P60). E, co-staining with anti-TSG-6 and anti-GFAP identified astrocytes as the TSG-6-expressing cells in the CNS. F, co-staining with anti-TSG-6 and anti-CD44 antibodies revealed that CD44+ astrocytes express TSG-6. Scale bars, 20 μm.