Table 2. Consequences of FZR1 depletion in cells and model animals.

Cells/model	Effect of FZR1 depletion	Reference
Yeast
Fission yeast FZR1Δ gene disruption mutants	Sterility, defective in cell cycle arrest in the G1-phase upon starvation	[158]
Fission yeast FZR1Δ gene disruption mutants	Meiotic mutant with aberrant asci having one or two mature spores	[159]
Budding yeast gene replacement FZR1 mutants	Premature exit from meiotic prophase I	[160,161]
Budding yeast FZR1Δ mutants	Inhibition of mitotic cyclin degradation and inappropriately induced DNA replication	[162]
Mammalian cell lines
FZR1 shRNA treated rat cortical neurons and SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells	Increased proportion of cells in S-phase, apoptosis	[3]
FZR1 siRNA treated Saos2	Loss of cell cycle arrest, increased generation time	[64]
Lentiviral RNAi mediated KO of FZR1 in HeLa	Early onset of DNA replication	[42]
Human fibroblast cells	Premature senescence	[46]
MEFs from FZR1-KO mice	Poor proliferation, premature senescence	[163]
FZR1 shRNA treated HeLa	Increase in half-life of SKP2	[164]
FZR1 shRNA treated HCT 116	Sub-G1 DNA content	[164]
Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis xcm9 mutant with loss of function allele of FZR1	Premature termination of floral shoots, disruption of cell cycle progression, defects in cyclin B1 expression, defects in endoreduplication	[165,166]
Drosophila
Loss of function Drosophila mutants of FZR1	Reentry into the cell cycle following embryonic cycle 16 thereby bypassing the normal G1 arrest	[39]
RAP/FZR1 loss-of-function mutants of Drosophila	Changes in size and morphology of synapses, locomotion defects	[167]
C. elegans
RNAi mediated inactivation of FZR-1 in C. elegans	Sterility, aberrant germ cell proliferation	[168]
Mouse
Conditional knockout mouse	Embryonic lethality at E9.5–E10.5	[43]
FZR1−/+ mouse	Increased susceptibility to spontaneous tumours	[43]
FZR1 KO mouse embryos	Embryonic lethality, lack of endoreduplication, placentation defects	[45]
Male FZR1 germline knockout (KO) mice	Abnormal proliferation of spermatogonia, infertility, failure of early meiotic prophase I in male germ cells	[169]
Female FZR1 germline KO mice	Premature onset of ovarian failure, subfertile females, defects in early meiotic prophase I	[169]