Table 3.
Logistic and Cox’s regression results of the effects of selected characteristics on C-section: Private hospitals
| Selected variables | Private hospitals | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio [Exp (β)] | 95 % CI | Hazard ratio [Exp (β)] | 95 % CI | |
| Fetal Distress | ||||
| (No) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 1.32 | 1.04–2.51 | 1.03 | 0.82–1.71 |
| Previous C-section | ||||
| (No) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 6.72 | 3.48–12.05 | 2.21 | 1.01–4.03 |
| Multiple Birth | ||||
| (No) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 1.32 | 0.89–2.91 | 1.01 | 0.46–2.27 |
| Pregnancy-Induced Breathing Difficulty | ||||
| (No) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 1.25 | 0.98–2.03 | 1.13 | 0.52–2.47 |
| Prolonged Labour | ||||
| (No) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 0.02* | 0.01–0.08 | 0.82 | 0.28–1.48 |
| Mother’s Education | ||||
| (Primary and below) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Secondary | 0.49 | 0.13–1.48 | 0.24 | 0.07–1.41 |
| Higher | 0.71 | 0.38–1.93 | 0.49 | 0.09–1.78 |
| Mother’s Age: years | ||||
| (<20) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 20–24 | 1.01 | 0.22–2.57 | 1.01* | 0.68–2.14 |
| 25–29 | 1.94 | 0.38–3.58 | 1.21* | 0.75–3.15 |
| 30+ | 4.69 | 0.54–11.01 | 2.04* | 1.30–4.21 |
| Age at Marriage: years | ||||
| (<18) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 18–22 | 1.00 | 0.22–3.57 | 1.52* | 1.03–2.23 |
| 23+ | 1.05 | 0.23–5.89 | 2.14* | 1.14–3.24 |
| Order of Birth | ||||
| (1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 | 0.52* | 0.16–1.83 | 0.27* | 0.05–1.20 |
| 3+ | 0.13 | 0.03–1.84 | 0.12* | 0.04–1.05 |
| Length of Baby’s: cm | ||||
| (<45) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 45+ | 0.11 | 0.03–0.38 | 0.18 | 0.08–1.48 |
| Weight of Baby’s: kg | ||||
| (<2.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2.5+ | 2.26 | 0.58–6.32 | 1.99 | 0.59–2.81 |
| Head Circumferences: cm | ||||
| (<32) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 32+ | 0.56 | 0.19–1.45 | 0.38 | 0.15–1.38 |
| Residence | ||||
| (Rural) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Urban | 4.60* | 1.27–12.10 | 1.93 | 0.47–2.41 |
| Ever had a Child Aborted | ||||
| (No) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 0.34 | 0.03–1.83 | 0.23 | 0.05–1.12 |
| Duration of Taking Balance Diet | ||||
| (Often) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Once a week | 2.45 | 0.65–9.63 | 1.28 | 0.59–2.21 |
| Rarely | 8.23 | 1.18–14.32 | 3.31 | 1.42–5.63 |
| Intercept | 4.38 | −2 log likelihood | 5022.35 | |
| −2 log likelihood | 1123.01 | Model chi-square | 189.47* | |
| Cox &Snell R2 | 0.51 | Degrees of freedom | 21 | |
| Nagelkerke R2 | 0.53 | |||
| AIC | 1157.01 | AIC | 5056.35 | |
* P < 0.05, significant risk factors in the model; CI = confidence interval; parentheses indicate the reference categories