Table 2.
Results from Propensity Score Matching Predicting both types of School Readiness at Age Five
| NON-COGNITIVE READINESSa | matched pairs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Difference | N | treated | control | |
| Model 1a: Paternal Incarceration | −0.143* (0.070) | 1780 | 322 | 1445 |
| Model 2a: within Black Males | −0.223* (0.123) | 603 | 132 | 464 |
| Model 3a: within Black Females | 0.005 (0.119) | 549 | 118 | 420 |
| Model 4a: within White Males | −0.422* (0.231) | 341 | 30 | 253 |
| Model 5a: within White Females | 0.148 (0.244) | 287 | 23 | 189 |
| COGNITIVE READINESSb | matched pairs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Difference | N | treated | control | |
| Model 1b: Paternal Incarceration | −0.100 (0.079) | 1119 | 229 | 877 |
| Model 2b: within Black Males | 0.022 (0.129) | 407 | 98 | 299 |
| Model 3b: within Black Females | −0.132 (0.142) | 377 | 92 | 282 |
| Model 4b: within White Males | −0.299 (0.382) | 179 | 15 | 155 |
| Model 5b: within White Females | −0.239 (0.297) | 156 | 14 | 138 |
Note: Kernel matching model estimates shown. See Appendix B in the supplementary materials for a complete list of variables used in models predicting the treatment. Analyses are unweighted and done on imputed data. Standard errors are in parentheses. Significance levels are the following: † p<0.1; * p<.05; ** p<.01; *** p<.001 (one-sided).
Matched pairs are average “on support” counts of treated and control cases. To help with model convergence, neither Models 4a or 5a include census tract characteristics in the matching algorithm.
Matched pairs are average “on support” counts of treated and control cases. To help with model convergence, neither Models 4b or 5b include city indicators and census tract characteristics in the matching algorithm.