Table 3.

Studies of the Microbiota in Animal Models of NASH and ALD

Study	Comparison	Sequencing Technology, Sample Source	Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus
Maintenance food fed mice, High calorie diet-fed mice.	Healthy vs High Fat Diet 92	16s rRNA gene pyrosequencing Stool Samples				Bacteroidaceae ↓, Peptostreptococcaceae ↓, Erysipelotrichaceae ↓, Lachnospiraceae ↑
Healthy mice, CCL4-induced liver injury mice	Healthy vs Liver Injury Mice 93	16s rRNA gene pyrosequencing Cecal Contents, Mucosa	Firmicutes ↓				Lactobacillus ↓, Dorea ↓, Lachnospiraceae Incertae Sedis ↓
			Actinobacteria ↓				Coriobacteriaceae ↓
Mice fed choline - deficent or methionine-choline deficient diets (n = 12)	Normal choline diet mice vs Methionine-choline deficient Mice, induced NASH 94	Quantitative reverse transcription PCR Stool Samples					Clostridium coccoides ↑, C. leptum subgroup ↓, Bacteroides fragilies ↓, Bifidobacterium ↑, Prevotella ↑, L. gasseri subgroup ↑, L. reuteri subgroup ↑, L. ruminis subgroup ↑, Enterobacteriaceae ↓, Enterococcus ↓
Healthy Mice (n=8), Mice fed alcohol (n=8)	Healthy vs Alcohol 53	16s rRNA gene 454 FLX-Titanium Stool Samples	Bacteriodetes				Bacteroides ↑, Parabacteroides↑, Tannerella↑, Hallella↑
			Firmicutes				Lachnospiraceae other↑, Ruminococcaceae Incertae Sedis↑, Ruminococcaceae other↑, Aerococcus↓, Listeria ↓, Clostridiales other ↓, Allobaculum ↓, Lactobacillus ↓
			Actinobacteria				Corynebacterium ↓
			Proteobacteria				Alcaligenes ↓
Healthy mice (n=3), Mice fed alcohol (n=3)	Healthy vs Alcohol 51	16s rRNA gene pyrosequencing, Cecum samples	Bacteroidetes ↓	Bacteroidia ↓	Bacteroidales	Bacteroidaceae	Bacteroides spp. ↓
			Firmicutes ↑	Bacilli	Lactobacillales ↑	Enterococcaceae	Enterococcus spp. ↓
						Lactobacillaceae ↑	Lactobacillus spp. ↑ Pediococcus spp. ↑
						Leuconostocaceae	Leuconostoc spp. ↑
						Streptococcaceae	Lactococcus spp. ↑
				Erysipelotrichia	Erysipelotrichales	Erysipelotrichaceae ↓
			Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Verrucomicrobiales	Verrucomicrobiaceae	Akkesrmansia muciniphila ↓
Healthy mice, Mice fed alcohol (n =2 to 7)	Healthy vs Alcohol 95	16s rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Cecum Samples	Bacteroidetes ↓
			Firmicutes ↑	Bacilli	Lactobacilla	Lactobacillaceae	L rhamnosus ↑ Lactobacillus spp. ↑
NASH, Mice fed a high-fat diet	Healthy vs NASH 36	16s rRNA pyrosequencing				Porphyromonadaceae ↓

Comparison of condition- A vs condition B. ↑ indicates higher in Condition A relative to condition B, ↓ indicates decrease in Condition A relative to Condition B, na, no significant