Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and control subjects without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
| Parameters | T2DM Subjects (n = 595) | Control Subjects (n = 200) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61.38 ± 9.65 | 60.07 ± 9.18 | 0.07 |
| Gender: males females | 338 (56.8%) 257 (43.2%) | 92 (46.0%) 108 (54.0%) | 0.008 |
| Duration of T2DM (years) | 11.25 ± 7.88 | ‒ | ‒ |
| Cigarette smokers (%) | 53 (8.9%) | 34 (17.0%) | 0.002 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 108.65 ± 12.88 | 93.31 ± 13.18 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.96 ± 4.74 | 27.90 ± 4.42 | 0.16 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 146.98 ± 19.98 | 143.30 ± 16.6 | 0.86 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 85.75 ± 11.62 | 84.70 ± 11.6 | 0.19 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 8.04 ± 2.57 | 5.27 ± 0.87 | <0.001 |
| Hb A1c (%) | 7.89 ± 3.56 | 4.79 ± 0.29 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.70 ± 1.19 | 5.36 ± 1.08 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.19 ± 0.35 | 1.43 ± 0.37 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.63 ± 0.94 | 3.24 ± 0.98 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.9 (1.2-2.7) | 1.3 (0.9-1.9) | <0.001 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 2.2 (1.0-4.3) | 1.3 (0.8-2.7) | <0.001 |
| CIMT (µm) | 1013.0 ± 208.0 | 979.0 ± 141.0 | 0.03 |
Continuous variables are expressed as means ± SDs if normally distributed and as median (interquartile range) if asymmetrically distributed. Categorical variables are expressed as frequency (percentage). BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; Hb A1c: glycated hemoglobin (Hb); HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; hs-CRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein; CIMT: carotid intima media thickness.