Table 1.
Initial clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the control group.
| Parameters | Patients with T2DM (n = 529) | Control Group (n = 200) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 61.38 ± 9.65 | 60.07 ± 9.18 | 0.07 |
| Sex: M (%); F (%) | M: 338 (56.8); F: 191 (43.2) | M: 92 (46.0); F: 108 (54.0) | 0.008 |
| Duration of T2DM | 11.5 ± 7.88 | - | - |
| Smokers: M (%); F (%) | M: 30 (8.9); F: 23 (12.0) | M: 19 (20.6); F: 15 (13.9) | 0.002 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 108.65 ± 12.88 | 93.31 ± 13.18 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.96 ± 4.74 | 27.90 ± 4.42 | 0.16 |
| Systolic pressure (mm Hg) | 146.98 ± 19.98 | 143.30 ± 16.60 | 0.86 |
| Diastolic pressure (mm Hg) | 85.75 ± 11.62 | 84.70 ± 11.60 | 0.19 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 8.04 ± 2.57 | 5.27 ± 0.87 | <0.001 |
| Hb A1c (%) | 7.89 ± 3.56 | 4.79 ± 0.29 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (nmol/L) | 4.70 ± 1.19 | 5.36 ± 1.08 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.19 ± 0.35 | 1.43 ± 0.37 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.63 ± 0.94 | 3.24 ± 0.98 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.90 (1.20-2.70) | 1.30 (0.90-1.90) | <0.001 |
| High sensitivity CRP (mg/L) | 2.20 (1.00-4.30) | 1.30 (0.80-2.70) | <0.001 |
| CIMT (μm) | 1013.00 ± 208.00 | 979.00 ± 141.00 | 0.030 |
T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI: body mass index; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; CRP: C-reactive protein; CIMT: carotid intima-media thickness.