Table 1.

Participant Characteristics as a Percentage of the Sample & Demographic Differences by Parent Self-Reported Ethnic Group

Study participants	Sample N=137	Latino n=70	Af. American n=42	NL White n=25	χ2 / F (Effect Size) ---
Age, in years M (SD)	8.38 (0.86)	8.31 (0.86)	8.44 (0.86)	8.44 (0.92)
Child sex					6.06* (.04)
Male	51	25	20	6
Female	49	25	11	13
Parent language					41.62*** (.22)
English	74	25	30	18
Spanish	26	25	2	0
Caregiver nativity					36.59*** (.21)
U.S. Born	53	15	20	18
Foreign Born	47	36	10	1
Poverty Status					17.92*** (.11)
> poverty threshold	29	8	10	11
≤poverty threshold	71	43	21	7
Asthma Severity					12.09 (.19)
Mild Intermittent	5	2	1	2
Mild Persistent	40	22	9	9
Moderate Persistent	36	19	11	6
Severe Persistent	19	8	10	1
ED visits (in 12 months)					5.65 (.03)
No visits	56.9	30.8	13.1	13.1
One or more visits	43.1	20	17.7	5.4

Note. Effect sizes are presented following the respective statistic for F values the partial omega squares (ω²_p) are reported, and for chi square analyses. Cramer’s Phi (ϕ_c) are reported

^*p <.05;

^**p<.01;

^***p<.001