Table 2.
Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) of 12-Month and Lifetime DSM-5 Cannabis Use Disorder by Sociodemographic Characteristicsa
| Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)b | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | 12-Month Cannabis Use Disorder | Lifetime Cannabis Use Disorder | ||||||
| Any Cannabis Use Disorder | Mild | Moderate | Severe | Any Cannabis Use Disorder | Mild | Moderate | Severe | |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 2.2 (1.84–2.68) | 2.2 (1.77–2.79) | 1.8 (1.26–2.51) | 2.8 (1.99–4.02) | 2.1 (1.84–2.33) | 1.9 (1.64–2.18) | 2.1 (1.64–2.57) | 2.4 (1.93–2.95) |
| Female | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| White | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Black | 1.4 (1.11–1.79) | 1.1 (0.88–1.47) | 1.7 (1.09–2.56) | 2.0 (1.20–3.30) | 0.9 (0.74–1.09) | 0.8 (0.64–1.00) | 0.9 (0.64–1.26) | 1.1 (0.77–1.43) |
| Native American | 2.1 (1.18–3.67) | 1.7 (0.66–4.59) | 1.7 (0.75–3.86) | 3.6 (1.41–9.36) | 1.7 (1.18–2.38) | 1.5 (0.87–2.62) | 1.1 (0.55–2.20) | 2.4 (1.42–3.94) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 0.4 (0.24–0.59) | 0.2 (0.08–0.46) | 0.6 (0.27–1.47) | 0.8 (0.33–1.87) | 0.3 (0.25–0.49) | 0.3 (0.20–0.58) | 0.4 (0.22–0.64) | 0.3 (0.20–0.60) |
| Hispanic | 0.7 (0.52–0.81) | 0.5 (0.35–0.64) | 0.8 (0.46–1.40) | 1.1 (0.69–1.83) | 0.4 (0.37–0.55) | 0.4 (0.29–0.47) | 0.5 (0.34–0.79) | 0.5 (0.39–0.71) |
| Age, y | ||||||||
| 18–29 | 7.2 (5.45–9.51) | 6.5 (4.38–9.59) | 7.1 (4.58–10.98) | 9.7 (4.87–19.41) | 2.9 (2.53–3.40) | 2.4 (1.97–2.96) | 3.3 (2.41–4.51) | 3.6 (2.79–4.73) |
| 30–44 | 3.6 (2.71–4.75) | 3.5 (2.40–5.03) | 3.0 (1.84–4.82) | 4.8 (2.46–9.36) | 2.3 (1.96–2.62) | 1.9 (1.50–2.31) | 2.2 (1.65–2.95) | 3.1 (2.36–4.01) |
| ≥45 | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Married/cohabiting | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Widowed/separated/divorced | 1.8 (1.30–2.49) | 1.8 (1.18–2.74) | 1.8 (0.92–3.39) | 1.8 (0.93–3.59) | 1.2 (1.02–1.36) | 1.2 (0.96–1.54) | 1.3 (1.00–1.79) | 1.0 (0.79–1.34) |
| Never married | 1.8 (1.48–2.24) | 1.8 (1.26–2.46) | 2.3 (1.53–3.52) | 1.5 (1.01–2.33) | 1.2 (1.07–1.40) | 1.2 (1.00–1.54) | 1.6 (1.26–2.05) | 1.0 (0.79–1.22) |
| Education | ||||||||
| Less than high school | 1.2 (0.92–1.60) | 1.2 (0.83–1.65) | 1.3 (0.72–2.47) | 1.2 (0.77–1.93) | 1.0 (0.82–1.16) | 0.9 (0.73–1.14) | 1.1 (0.74–1.58) | 1.0 (0.73–1.31) |
| High school | 1.1 (0.95–1.38) | 1.1 (0.86–1.46) | 1.2 (0.80–1.67) | 1.2 (0.79–1.83) | 1.2 (1.04–1.35) | 1.2 (1.04–1.48) | 1.1 (0.89–1.47) | 1.1 (0.91–1.43) |
| Some college or higher | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Family income, $ | ||||||||
| 0–19,999 | 2.5 (1.89–3.34) | 2.4 (1.61–3.51) | 2.0 (1.05–3.79) | 3.7 (2.00–6.79) | 1.7 (1.46–2.10) | 1.6 (1.26–2.16) | 1.6 (1.12–2.34) | 2.0 (1.43–2.81) |
| 20,000–34,999 | 1.5 (1.07–2.06) | 1.6 (1.06–2.46) | 1.1 (0.59–1.88) | 1.7 (0.91–3.35) | 1.4 (1.14–1.65) | 1.5 (1.19–1.92) | 1.1 (0.76–1.52) | 1.4 (1.00–1.97) |
| 35,000–69,999 | 1.4 (1.03–1.83) | 1.4 (0.96–2.06) | 1.4 (0.71–2.73) | 1.3 (0.70–2.31) | 1.3 (1.09–1.51) | 1.3 (1.05–1.69) | 1.1 (0.79–1.62) | 1.3 (1.04–1.73) |
| ≥70,000 | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Urbanicity | ||||||||
| Urban | 1.2 (0.92–1.48) | 1.3 (0.98–1.79) | 1.1 (0.72–1.63) | 0.9 (0.54–1.54) | 1.2 (0.98–1.40) | 1.3 (1.01–1.62) | 1.1 (0.79–1.48) | 1.1 (0.85–1.42) |
| Rural | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Region | ||||||||
| Northeast | 0.8 (0.65–1.06) | 0.7 (0.49–0.90) | 1.1 (0.64–1.83) | 1.1 (0.68–1.73) | 0.9 (0.80–1.10) | 0.8 (0.65–1.10) | 0.9 (0.60–1.25) | 1.1 (0.92–1.43) |
| Midwest | 0.6 (0.50–0.84) | 0.5 (0.39–0.77) | 0.7 (0.41–1.06) | 1.0 (0.58–1.72) | 0.8 (0.68–0.92) | 0.7 (0.58–0.91) | 0.7 (0.52–1.00) | 1.0 (0.76–1.21) |
| South | 0.6 (0.48–0.77) | 0.6 (0.43–0.73) | 0.6 (0.39–0.96) | 0.8 (0.46–1.25) | 0.7 (0.53–0.83) | 0.7 (0.53–0.86) | 0.7 (0.46–1.03) | 0.6 (0.47–0.85) |
| West | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) |
a
Significant (p < 0.05) odds ratios appear in bold font.
b
Odds ratios for associations of each sociodemographic variable with any, mild, moderate, and severe Cannabis use disorders are adjusted for all other sociodemographic characteristics.